Culture and Society

How society in the USSR was impacted by Stalinism, eg. religion, women and education. (link to cult of stalinism, propaganda and the arts in Booklet 4)

In 1937 alone, ______ orthodox priests were shot

85,000

In 1939, only _% of churches remained, with the majority destroyed or converted into grain stores etc.

1%

Pilgrimages to Mecca were banned in ___, and ______ Mosques were closed.

• 1935

• 25,000

In the ___ census , __% of Russians still believed in god.

• 1937

• 50%

Marriage vows were to ______ ___ rather than god

communist values

__ _____ in homes and barracks replaced saints shrines

red corners

By 1939, Komsomol had __ _____ members

10 million

The ____ ____ (___) promoted a highly revised version of soviet history, emphasising Stalin and demonising Trotsky.

Short Course 1938

The fable of ____ _____ who condemned his own father as a kulak was taught to children and turned into an opera.

Pavlik Morozov

__% of teachers were attacked as Bourgeoisie during Stalin’s education drive, with some being burnt inside their schools.

40%

By 1939, there were approximately ___ universities in the USSR

820

Since only ____ education was free, only _% of the population had completed secondary education by 1939

• primary

• 7%

By 1940, __% of people were literate, compared to only __% in 1928

• 90%

• 50%

In the 1930s, University professors were purged and replaced by ‘ ___ ______’ to ensure absolute ideological control

red specialists

A decree in ____ introduced stricter standards of discipline with greater authority for teachers compared to the Leninist approach.

1932

In 1936, _____ and _____ became illegal, which boosted the birth rate slightly by the end of the 1930s

• abortion

• contraception

Mothers with _ or more children received tax exemptions and bonus payments for every additional child

6