Experiments with waves

How can you measure the speed of waves on a string?

Measure the frequency and wavelength, then use the formula v=f×λ

How can you vary the tension in the string during the experiment?

Change the mass hanging from the string to increase or decrease tension.

What equipment is needed for an experiment to measure wave speed?

A string, pulley, mass, vibration generator, ruler, and stopwatch.

How do you calculate the wave speed in an experiment?

Use the formula v=f×λ, where f is frequency and λ is wavelength.

How do you measure the frequency of a wave?

Use a signal generator or count the number of oscillations per second with a stopwatch.

What is the effect of increasing mass (tension) on wave speed?

Increasing the tension (by adding mass) increases the wave speed.

What role does the medium play in wave speed?

The medium affects the speed of the wave; denser media usually slow the wave down.

How can you determine the wavelength of a wave?

Measure the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs.

Why is it important to measure both the frequency and the wavelength in a wave experiment?

Both are needed to calculate the wave speed, which is a key parameter of wave behaviour.

How does the type of wave affect its speed in different media?

For example, light waves travel faster in air than in glass, and sound waves travel faster in water than in air.

What precautions should be taken in wave experiments?

Ensure equipment is securely fastened, avoid touching moving parts, and measure distances accurately.

How can you demonstrate the difference between longitudinal and transverse waves experimentally?

Use a rope for transverse waves and a slinky for longitudinal waves.

What happens to the amplitude of a wave when the energy increases?

The amplitude increases as the energy of the wave increases.

How can you observe the effect of frequency on wave properties?

By increasing the frequency of the vibration generator, you can observe how wavelength and wave speed change.