Community Health Nursing Lecture – Practice Flashcards

A comprehensive set of question-and-answer flashcards covering definitions, roles, responsibilities, principles, health-care systems, PHC, and traditional medicine from the Community Health Nursing lecture notes.

According to WHO, how is a COMMUNITY defined?

A social structure that exhibits and creates norms and values that establish social institutions.

What is the WHO definition of HEALTH?

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

How is NURSING defined in the lecture notes?

Assisting the sick to become healthy and helping the healthy to achieve optimal functioning.

Define COMMUNITY HEALTH.

Public health activities extended to organized efforts at the community level—both public and private.

Give C.E. Winslow’s classic definition of PUBLIC HEALTH.

The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized community efforts.

What is PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING?

Professional practice that applies technical and organizational skills to community health problems.

Define COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING (CHN).

A blend of public health and nursing that uses a holistic approach to care for communities.

What does COMMUNITY-BASED NURSING emphasize?

Application of the nursing process to individuals, families, and groups across the health-care delivery system.

What four roles of the Public Health Nurse are summarized by the acronym S.A.F.E.?

Supervisor, Advocate/Clinician, Facilitator, Educator.

In the SAFE roles, what does the SUPERVISOR specifically oversee?

Midwives and other auxiliary health workers.

What four major responsibilities of CHN are represented by the acronym C.O.M.E.?

Conduct research, Oversee planning/implementation/evaluation, Maintain linkages, Ensure quality services.

Within DOH concepts, what is the PRIMARY FOCUS of CHN?

Health promotion.

Within DOH concepts, what is the PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY of CHN nurses?

Health teaching.

How are CHN nurses described in terms of scope of practice?

Generalists who serve clients across the lifespan.

What does TIME-UNBOUNDED SERVICE mean in CHN practice?

Nurses maintain long-term contact with clients; service is not confined to a single visit or episode.

Which nursing framework (acronym) is IMPLIED in all CHN practice?

A.D.P.I.E. – Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.

What PHILOSOPHY underlies all basic principles in CHN?

Respect for the worth and dignity of man.

What is the PRIMARY GOAL of CHN?

Self-reliance of individuals, families, and communities.

What is the ULTIMATE GOAL of CHN?

Improved health of citizens.

In CHN, who is considered the CLIENT?

The community as an active partner in health.

What is the BASIC UNIT of CARE in CHN?

The family.

List the FOUR LEVELS OF CLIENTELE in CHN.

Individual, Family, Population Group, Community.

What does PRIMARY LEVEL OF CARE focus on?

Health promotion and disease prevention.

What does SECONDARY LEVEL OF CARE emphasize?

Early detection of health problems and prompt intervention.

What is the aim of TERTIARY LEVEL OF CARE?

Correction and prevention of further deterioration; rehabilitation.

Name three common TYPES OF FAMILY discussed in the notes.

(Any three) Nuclear, Extended, Single-parent, Binuclear, Stepfamily, Cohabiting, Homosexual, Communal.

In what year and month was the World Health Organization (WHO) formed?

April 1948.

How many Millennium Development Goals were there, and what replaced them in 2015?

Eight MDGs, replaced by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015.

How many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are targeted for 2030?

Seventeen (17).

What is SDG 3 specifically concerned with?

Good health and well-being.

Which agency is the GOVERNING BODY of health services in the Philippines?

The Department of Health (DOH).

Give an example of a PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICE facility in the Philippines.

Rural Health Units (RHUs) or Barangay Health Stations providing immunization and preventive care.

What is the FIRST POINT OF CONTACT in the Philippine health-care system?

The Barangay Health Station (BHS).

Who ordinarily SUPERVISES a Barangay Health Station?

A midwife assigned from the Rural Health Unit (RHU).

Differentiate AUXILIARY and INTERMEDIATE health workers.

Auxiliary: Barangay Health Workers, Traditional Birth Attendants, Healers; Intermediate: Nurses, Doctors, Midwives.

State the ideal MIDWIFE-TO-POPULATION ratio cited in the notes.

1 midwife to 5,000 population.

At which conference and in what year was PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (PHC) internationally declared?

Alma-Ata Conference, 1978.

What is the PHILIPPINE LEGAL BASIS for PHC, and when was it issued?

Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949, issued in 1979.

In which year was PHC formally LAUNCHED in the Philippines?

1981.

List the ELEMENTS of PHC using the acronym E.L.E.M.E.N.T.S.

Education for health, Locally endemic disease control, Essential drugs, Maternal & Child Health, Expanded Program on Immunization, Nutrition, Treatment of common diseases, Safe water & sanitation.

Name the FOUR PILLARS of PHC represented by A.I.U.S.

Active community participation, Intra-/Intersectoral linkages, Use of appropriate technology, Support mechanisms from the community or government.

What Republic Act created the Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act (TAMA) in the Philippines, and in what year?

Republic Act 8423, enacted in 1997.

Which medicinal plant is recommended by DOH for COUGH and ASTHMA?

Lagundi (Vitex negundo).

Which DOH-approved plant is used for PAIN and COLDS?

Yerba Buena (Clinopodium douglasii).

Which plant is known for its ANTIUROLITHIASIS effect?

Sambong (Blumea balsamifera).

What herbal plant treats STOMACHACHE and DIARRHEA?

Tsaang Gubat (Ehretia microphylla).

Which plant is an effective ANTIHELMINTHIC (anti-worm)?

Niyog-niyogan (Quisqualis indica).

Name the medicinal plant used as a MOUTH GARGLE or WOUND WASH.

Bayabas (Psidium guajava).

Which plant serves as a natural ANTIFUNGAL agent?

Akapulko (Cassia alata).

Ulasimang Bato (Pansit-pansitan) is recommended for which conditions?

Rheumatism and gout (uric-acid-related pain).

Which herbal remedy helps lower BLOOD PRESSURE and CHOLESTEROL?

Bawang (Allium sativum).

Which DOH-listed plant is used for MILD DIABETES control?

Ampalaya (Momordica charantia).

Define a DECOCTION in herbal preparation.

Boiling plant parts in water to extract active ingredients.

What is an INFUSION in the context of herbal medicine?

Preparing a remedy using the tea method—steeping plant parts in hot water without boiling.

Differentiate ACUPRESSURE from ACUPUNCTURE.

Acupressure uses finger or hand pressure on specific points; Acupuncture uses needles inserted into those points to balance Qi.

Which essential oil in AROMATHERAPY is commonly used to promote SLEEP and RELAXATION?

Lavender oil.

Which essential oil acts as a DECONGESTANT in aromatherapy?

Eucalyptus oil.

What therapeutic technique applies PRESSURE to REFLEX POINTS on the feet, hands, or ears?

Reflexology.