FILM-SCREEN (LEC)

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1. The processing room is best described as the room where:

Latent images are converted into visible images

2. Another term for the processing room is:

Film processing room

Which type of lighting must a darkroom exclude completely?

Outside light

4. What advancement reduced problems associated with darkrooms?

Automatic processors

5. Which is NOT a requirement of a darkroom?

Open windows

6. Minimum recommended darkroom area is:

10 m²

7. Ceiling height of a darkroom should be at least:

2.5–3.0 m

8. Ideal ratio of darkroom to X-ray rooms is:

1:2

9. One advantage of centralized darkrooms is:

Identical processing condition

10. Radiation protection for darkroom walls includes:

6-inch concrete

11. Which entrance type is the simplest but most prone to light leaks?

Single door

12. The ideal darkroom entrance with no doors is:

Labyrinth

13. Relative humidity in a darkroom should be maintained at:

40–60%

14. High humidity in a darkroom may cause:

Fogging

15. Low humidity increases:

Static artifacts

16. The special lighting used in a darkroom is called:

Safelight

17. The minimum working distance from a safelight is:

1 m

18. There is no totally safe safelight because:

Films have some sensitivity to all wavelengths

19. Safelight intensity is controlled by:

Wattage and distance

20. Average safelight handling time is:

20–45 sec

21. Post-exposure fog occurs when:

Previously exposed film is exposed to safelight

22. Increased sensitivity of exposed film to safelight is called:

Latensification

23. White light is necessary in the darkroom for:

Cleaning and maintenance

24. Radiographic illumination is used mainly for:

Viewing processed films

25. The primary purpose of radiographic imaging is to:

Transfer information to the eye-brain complex

26. X-rays that exit the patient and form the image are called:

Image-forming x-rays

27. The medium that converts x-rays into a visible image is the:

Image receptor

28. Radiographic film consists of:

Base and emulsion

29. Radiographic film emulsion is coated on:

Both sides

30. The overcoat primarily protects the emulsion from:

Scratches and contamination

31. The adhesive layer is located between:

Base and emulsion

32. The base of modern radiographic film is made of:

Polyester

33. A key advantage of polyester base is:

Dimensional stability

34. The slight blue tint in film base helps reduce:

Eyestrain

35. The heart of radiographic film is the:

Emulsion

36. Emulsion thickness is approximately:

3–5 µm

37. The binder in the emulsion is:

Gelatin

38. Silver halide crystals are mainly composed of:

Silver bromide with silver iodide

39. Most commonly used silver halide crystal shape is:

Tabular

40. Sensitivity centers are caused by:

Silver sulfide contamination

41. Film speed is mainly affected by:

Grain size and concentration

42. Direct-exposure film differs because it:

Reacts directly to x-rays

43. Screen-film systems reduce patient dose by up to:

95%

44. Blue-sensitive film should be used with:

Calcium tungstate screens

45. Crossover refers to:

Light exposure from opposite screen

46. Crossover reduces:

Spatial resolution

47. One method to reduce crossover is:

Light-absorbing dyes

48. Spectral matching means:

Matching film color sensitivity to screen emission

49. Reciprocity law states optical density depends on:

Total energy imparted

50. Mammography film is:

Single emulsion

51. Antihalation coating reduces:

Halation

52. Radiographic film should be stored at approximately:

20°C

53. Ideal storage humidity is:

40–60%

54. Low humidity leads to:

Static discharge

55. High temperature storage causes:

Increased fog

56. Films should be stored:

Vertically

57. FIFO means:

First In First Out

58. Reasonable maximum storage time for film is:

45 days

59. Exposure of film to radiation during storage causes:

Fog

60. Light exposure before processing results in:

Fog or gross artifacts