Chapter 1 - Seeing and Acting Through the Lens of Sociology – SOC 1000

25 fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering core definitions, theories, perspectives, and founders introduced in Chapter 1 of SOC 1000.

Sociology encourages us to see the __ in the familiar.

strange

Looking for patterns that show the __ in the particular is a basic sociological habit.

general

__ are society’s expectations about how we should behave.

Norms

Studying personal choices (dating, shopping, etc.) represents the __ level of analysis.

micro

Examining broader forces such as institutions and life-chances represents the __ level of analysis.

macro

C. Wright Mills coined the term to describe seeing connections between biography and history.

sociological imagination

The sociological imagination is not just thinking but also __.

acting

Ibn Khaldun analyzed power structures and noted that labour could be used for __ rather than survival.

luxury

Rapid change during the __ Revolution helped spark the birth of sociology.

French

Auguste Comte coined the word ‘sociology’ and emphasized combining __ research with theory.

empirical

Reliable, verifiable knowledge gathered through direct observation defines __ research methods.

empirical

A __ is a set of propositions intended to explain a fact or phenomenon.

theory

Positivist theorizing asks, “What is __?” by examining relationships between variables.

happening

Interpretive theorizing asks, “What does it __?” focusing on socially constructed meanings.

mean

Critical theorizing asks, “Who has __?” highlighting issues of domination and emancipation.

power

In structural functionalism, intended consequences of an institution are called __ functions.

manifest

Unintended consequences of social structures are called __ functions.

latent

Durkheim used the term __ for a widespread feeling of normlessness.

anomie

Marx described owners of the means of production as the __.

bourgeoisie

Workers who sell their labour to the owners are the __ in Marxist theory.

proletariat

Marx’s idea that scholars should help the powerless achieve change is summarized by the concept of __.

praxis

Symbolic interactionism studies how meanings arise through __ with others.

interaction

According to Mead and Blumer, people whose opinions matter greatly to us are called .

significant others

Feminism is grounded in the principle that women are __ to men.

equal

Postmodernists like Foucault argue there is no single objective __, only competing discourses.

truth