Cold War

satellite nations

an independent country that is under the influence of another nation

what leader created satellite nations

Stalin

why did stalin want satellite nations

to act as a buffer to prevent Soviet Union invasion

Iron curtain

imaginery line that divided communist vs non communist territory (east vs west)

when did the cold war happen

1945-1990 (before WWII even ended)

what main super powers were involved in the cold war

the United States and the USSR

characteristics of the cold war

1. no direct violence between US and USSR

2. intense competition (power grab)

3. extreme suspicion and security (fear of spies)

US goal

capitalism and democracy

USSR goal

communism and totalitarianism

containement

U.S. foreign policy to prevent the spread of communism

Truman Doctrine (1947)

US foreign policy that gave economic assistance the Greece and Turkey (containment method that was successful) - allowed them to help Greece and Turkey recover from WWII

Marshall plan (1947)

US foriegn policy that offered economic assistance to all European countries, but only the western ones that accepted assistance - goal was to help them recover and prevent communism

Chinese Civil war parties

nationalsim/communist

Chinese civil war leaders

Chiang Kai Shek - Nationalist leader

Mao Zedong - Communist leader

Chinese civil war cause

two political parties competing to control china

what did the US and USSR provide to the chinest political parties

military and economic benefits, but no troops

Chinese communist advantage

1. better at fighting Japanese

2. popularity due to being favored by peasants (they actually helped aid the rural poor, unlike the nationalist)

Chinese Nationalist disadvantage

1. expended needed resources fighting communist uprisisng when they shouldve focused of the Japanese invasion

2. underdemocratic policies and elimination of opposition

3. gov corruption

4. misuse of war resources

US, British, and French zones became known as what after WWII

West Germany and West Berlin

USSR zone became known as what after WWII

East Germany and East Berlin

1st Berlin Crisis cause

land blockade between west germany and west berlin was set up by the USSR

Berlin Airlift

US and British (and other allies) response to the Berlin blockade on which they delivered supplies to West Berlin

Outcome of the Berlin crisis

USSR lifted the blockade (conainment was effective in West Berlin)

Nuclear Arms Race

competition during the cold war that involved the development and stockpiling of nuclear weapons

progress made by the US and USSR during NAR during the Truman administration

1. The US developed and used 1st atomic bombs (1945)

2. USSR tested the 1st atomic bomb (1949)

3. US developed and tested the first H bomb

4. USSR developed and tested an H bomb

North Atlantic Treaty Alliance (NATO)

non-communist country alliance - had an idea of colective defense (attack on one is an attack on all)

Warsaw Pact

alliance of communist countries during the cold war

what impact did the NAR have on the United States

1. caused extreme fear of nuclear attack

2. americans prepared for nuclear attacks by building fallout shelters and holding air-raid drills

3. media portrayed CW themes (popular enterianmet and gov created material on how to respond to an attack)

second red scare

extreme paranoia/fear that communist were going to take over the US (not apart of the fear of nuclear attacks)

HUAC

organization created by the US HOR during the CW that investigated suspected communist

Hollywood 10

8 screen writers and 2 directors who refused to discuss their political associations that were eventually arrested and blacklisted after their 1st Amd right was ruled not valid pertaining to the case

Julius and Ethel Rosenburg

American citizens accused of espionage and sedition who were convicted and executed for their crimes of giving info to the commies

Joseph McCarthy

US senator from Wisconsim who claimed communist were everywhere in the United States

McCarthy hearings

accused members of the US army of espionage and sedition w/o solid evidence

McCarthyism

accusing someone of wrongdoing w/o solid evidence

outcome of Mccarthy hearings

people questioned his credability and his popularity declined due to outrageous behavior during the hearings

baby boom

dramatic increase in birth rate after WWII

Fear deal

term used to refer to the domestic policies of the U.S. after president truman

Taft Hartley Act

restricts activities and power of labor unions

North Korea leader, economic/poli system, and country that backed

Kim IL sung, communist/dictatorship, China

South Korea leader, economic/poli system, and a country that backed

Syngman Rhee, republic, UN/US