2025 BP/AP DNA
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19 Terms
1
karyotype
A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs
2
codons
three nucleotides of DNA that specify a particular amino acid or termination signal
3
protein synthesis
the formation of proteins by using information contained in DNA
4
amino acid
building blocks of protein
5
protein
macro molecules that build and carry out life functions in organisms
6
differentiation
when cells become specialized in structure and function
7
stem cell
undifferentiated cell that can develop into many types of differentiated cells under the right conditions
8
number of chromosomes in human gamete cells
23
9
gamete
male or female reproductive cell containing a 1/2 set of DNA
10
DNA
molecule that contains the instructions for an organism
11
gene
section of DNA that codes for a certain instruction
12
number of chromosomes in human body cells
46
13
genome
complete set of DNA in an organism
14
nucleotide
base unit of DNA
15
mutation
a change in the order of DNA nucleotides
16
chromosome
tightly wound package of DNA in the nucleus
17
nucleotide pairs
AT, CG
18
sexual reproduction
two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism that is different from both parents
19
asexual reproduction
one parent clones itself and produces identical offspring