AP psych eye

Sensory Transduction

The conversion of one form of energy to another, stimulus energy into neural messages

Wave Length

Distance of wave from peak to peak, determines HUE(color)

Amplitude

Distance from peak to trough, determines brightness(in

Retina

Light sensitive layer of the eye; contains rods and cones

Cornea

Protects the eye and bend light to provide focus

Pupil

adjustive open

Iris

A ring of muscle that controls the size of the pupil

Lens

the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina

acconmmodation

The process by which the eye lens changes shape

Retina

the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information

Rods

Retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray

cones

retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations.

Bipolar cells

specialized eye neurons that connect rods and cones with ganglion cells

Gonglion cells

specialized neruons that connect bipolar cells. The bundledd axons of gangdilion cells from the optic nerve

Fovea

central point of focus, made up of cones, greatest visual acuity in bright light

Optic Nerve

the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Blind spot

the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a "blind" spot because no receptor cells are located there

Young-Heimholtz Trichromatic Theory

theory stating that the retina contains three different color receptors, one for red, green, and blue, when combined can create the perception of any color

Color blindness

a variety of disorders marked by inability to distinguish some or all colors

opponent processing theory

the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black) enable color vision. For example, some cells are stimulated by green and inhibited by red; others are stimulated by red and inhibited by green