13 - Abdominal wall, Mesentery, and Omentum

5 years of age

Or if with very large or asymptomatic hernia

Surgical repair of umbilical hernia is recommended if closure does not occur until how many years of age?

Patent Urachus

Persistence of a tract that forms a communication between the bladder and the umbilicus.

Omphalocele

What is a defect of the abdominal wall in which the bowel and solid viscera are covered by peritoneum and amniotic membrane?

Gastroschisis

Located at the junction of the umbilicus and normal skin, and is almost always to the right of the umbilicus

What is a defect in the anterior abdominal wall through which the intestinal contents freely protrude but without an overlying sac?

Prune Belly Syndrome

Which congenital abdominal wall deformity is characterized by a lax lower abdominal musculature, dilated urinary tract, and bilateral undescended testes?

Spigelian hernias

Spigelian line/zone - an aponeurotic band of variable width at the lateral border of the rectus abdominis

Which acquired abdominal primary ventral hernia occur anywhere along the length of the aponeurotic band at the lateral border of the rectus abdominis?

Rectus Sheath Hematoma

Associated with trauma, vigorous contraction (coughing, sneezing, exercise), chronic pulmonary disease, and anticoagulation therapy.

An acquired abdominal wall deformity characterized by the disruption of one of the branches of the inferior epigastric artery, as well an inability to tamponade the hemorrhage.

Inferior epigastric vessel

What vessel is usually involved in rectus sheath hematoma?

Fothergill sign

Sign of Rectus Sheath Hematoma characterized by palpation of a mass that does not change during contraction of the rectus muscle.

Margin negative resection with immediate mesh reconstruction

Desmoid tumors are also known as aggressive fibromatosis and are fibroneoplastic neoplasms with aggressive infiltrative behavior but with no metastatic potential

What is the gold standard of treatment for desmoid tumors?

Greater Omentum

It is a peritoneal defense organ that forms fibrin adhesions at sites of inflammation, walling of peritoneal infection

What is known as the "Policeman of the abdomen"?

Omental cysts

These may present as abdominal masses which are mobile in all directions, and may be diagnosed incidentally or present as vague abdominal pain or nausea/vomiting

Ovarian cancer

Most omental masses are metastatic

What is the most common cancer with omental involvement?

Intestinal malrotation

The mesentery usually undergoes a 270 deg. counterclockwise rotation during development

Failure in the proper rotation and fixation of mesentery during development may lead to what condition/disease?

Tillaux sign of Mesenteric Cysts

Omental cysts - all directions

Abdominal mass lesion that is only mobile laterally

Lymphoma

What is the most common malignant neoplasm of the mesentery?