Making of Modern Britain 1951-1964

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14 Terms

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What were Atlee’s Main achievements?

Welfare State establishment, NHS creation, nationalization of key industries.

Nationalisation

Indian Independence in 1947

NATO formed in 1949

Detonation of the atom bomb 1952 and Hydrogen Bomb in 1957

Housing - Housing programme led to a million new homes being built

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Why was Atlee’s Labour Gov defeated in 1951?

induustrial concerns - trade union resentment at Labour’s policies and slowness to respind to workers demands

Entry into the 1950 Korean War angered left within the Labour Party

Bevanite rebellion 1951 - Atlee’s conscription charges led to resignation of a numer ministers

Conservative recovery of Morale due to divisions and weakning of Labour

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Role of Churchill 1951-1955

Not considered to be the greatest post-war PM. Some people argue that the man who really led the Conservatives was Anthony Eden (acting PM) and key ministers such as Butler and MacMillan. Inactive in politics but visions of himself as an international statesman. However, Hennessey argues: One has to be careful not to overdo the depiction of the old warrior in his premiership as a kind of walking off licence-cum-pharmacy

Day to day running of government left to key ministers.

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Role of Eden 1955-1957

1951-1955 roles as acting PM and foregin secretary, actual PM 1955-57

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Role of Butler

‘best PM Britain never had’

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Role of Macmillan

Successful housing minister under Churchill > achieved ambitious target of 300,000 houses per year. 1957 became PM.

Tensions existed between Butler and Macmillan, as well as between Eden and Churchill.

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The conservatives were lucky in timing as they came to power at time of beginning of economic recovery. Give evidence of this recovery…

men’s weekly wages were going up (£8.30 1951 - £15.35 1961), massive increases in personal savings, boom in car ownership and home ownership, Macmillan achieved

300,000 homes target, arrival of new towns such as Corby in 1940’s saw them expand in 1950’s, farmers did well (state subsidies), end of rationing 1954.

Surge in ownership of consumer goods > TVs, white goods, furniture.

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