Greek & Roman Mythology Quiz 2

Critical Thinking

not having the answers before you ask the question

Historicism

ideas that human beings had different ideas of how the world worked in the past

Humanism

assumption that human beings were essentially the same in the ancient world as in the present

Charter Myth

a myth that presents society as something inevitable and natural without drawing attention to its origin

History

What people write and say about the past

Achilles

- Son of Peleus and the sea Nymph Thetis

- Invulnerable except for his heel

- Best of the Achaeans according to the Ilaid

Odysseus

- son of Laetres, Husband of Penelope, Father of Telemachus

- King of Ithaca

- Greek hero who took 10 years to return after the end of the Trojan war

Polyphemus

Cyclops

- son of Poseidon and Thoosa

- blinded by Odysseus

- lover of the nymph Galatea

Diomedes

- King of Argos

- fought in the Trojan War

- killed the sons Xanthos and Thoon

Iliad

Greek poem by Homer about the Trojan War

Sicily

large island south of Italy

- heavily colonized by Greeks and Carthaginians in 800 BCE

- location of the Cyclops story in the Odyssey

Hissarlik

- archaeological site in modern Turkey

- Location of Roman Ilium

- Excavated by Heinrich Schliemann, claims it was the city of Troy

Aci Trezza

town in southern Sicily

location of "cyclopean rocks"

Heinrich Schliemann

- Excavated Hissarlik (lied and said it was Troy)

- Excavated Mycenae (made discoveries in tombs)

Milman Parry

studied under Antoine Meillet at the Sorbonne

- Put forth the thesis that Homeric poetry is part of an older oral tradition

Athena

attributes: helmet, owl

areas of concern: crafts and war

Patron goddess of Athens

Virgin goddess born from the head of Zeus

Ares

concern: war

attributes: Sword, shield

Roman name is Mars

Hephaestus

son of Hera

- Attributes: hammer, tongs, donkey

- Areas of Concern: metal working, fire

- Associated with Roman "Vulcan"

Zeus

areas of concern: the sky, kingship

- attributes: beard, eagle, thunderbolt

- Roman name "Jupiter"

The Odyssey

Poem by Homer, follows Odysseus, the king of Ithaca, on his perilous 10-year journey home after the Trojan War