Impulse and Momentum Change

What is Momentum (p)?

The product of a body's mass (m) and its velocity (v)

What is Newton's Second Law of Motion? (Relationship with Momentum)

The rate of change of momentum of a body is proportional to the resultant force acting on the body and is in the same direction as the resultant force (F_net = dp/dt).

What is Impulse?

The product of the average resultant force (F_net) acting on the body and the time interval (Δt) for which the force acts

What is the S.I. unit for Impulse?

kg m s⁻¹ or N s.

Is Impulse a vector or scalar quantity?

Vector.

What is the relationship between Impulse and Change in Momentum?

Impulse of the force acting on a body over a time interval Δt is equal to its change in momentum over the same time interval Δt (impulse = Δp).

What is the Problem-Solving Technique for Impulse calculation?

Impulse is given by the area under the force-time graph.

Why do seat belts and car crumple zones reduce injury? (Concept of Impulse Application)

They increase the time taken (Δt) for the passenger's momentum to reduce to zero during a crash, thereby reducing the average resultant force acting on them (since impulse = F_avg