biomateriales parcial 2

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and definitions related to materials used in dental practices, emphasizing properties, uses, and applications.

Resin Composites

Materials used for direct restorations in dentistry; have advantages and disadvantages compared to other restorative materials.

Polymerization Shrinkage

The dimensional reduction that occurs when resin materials harden.

Color Stability

The ability of dental materials to maintain their original color under various conditions.

Wear Resistance

The ability of materials to withstand degradation due to mechanical action.

Indirect Restorations

Materials manipulated outside the mouth and then placed in the affected tooth.

CAD-CAM

Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology used to create dental restorations.

Ceramics

Materials that can reflect light similarly to natural enamel and dentin.

Alginates

Hydrophilic materials used for dental impressions, derived from seaweed.

Silicone Materials

Used in dentistry for impressions; provide various consistencies and dimensional stability.

Duralay

An autopolimerizable acrylic resin used in prosthetics for cast patterns.

Mock-Up

A prototype used to plan treatment in prosthetic dentistry.

Dental Stone

A material used to create models from impressions, known for its accuracy and strength.

Tixotropy

A property of certain materials where viscosity decreases under stress.

Preparation Cavity

The specific shape of the cavity created in a tooth to receive a restoration.

Controlled Polimerization

A method of polymerizing acrylic resins without the use of heat or light.

Thermocured Acrylics

Acrylics that require heat to cure, often used for permanent restorations.

Bisacrylic Resins

A type of resin commonly used for temporary restorations due to its ease of handling.

Provisional Restorations

Temporary restorations placed until a permanent restoration can be made.

Zirconia

A high-strength ceramic material used in dental prosthetics.

Feldspathic Ceramics

Ceramics known for excellent aesthetic properties but lower mechanical strength.

Lithium Disilicate

A glass ceramic with high flexural strength, commonly used for aesthetic restorations.

Impression Materials

Substances used to reproduce the form of teeth and surrounding tissues.

Prosthetic Bases

Supports for removable dentures or partial dentures.

Mucostatic

Impression materials that take a passive stress-free impression.

Mucocompressive

Impression techniques designed to compress the mucosa and capture tissue details.

Dimensional Stability

The ability of a material to maintain its original dimensions after setting.

Submission for Study Models

The process of creating models to study occlusion and tooth relationships.

Mixing Ratio

The specific proportions of powder to liquid for dental materials.

Alginate Composition

Contains alginic acid, which gels when mixed with water.

Calcium Sulfate

Used to produce dental gypsum for models and impressions.

Elastomeric Impression Materials

Flexible materials used for precise dental impressions.

Condensation Silicones

Silicone materials that cure by releasing a small amount of byproducts.

Addition Silicones

Silicone materials that do not release byproducts during curing, providing high dimensional stability.

Acrylates

Synthetic polymers used to produce dental prosthetic components.

Temperature Effects on Acrylic,

Warm temperatures can accelerate the curing process of acrylic materials.

Prosthetic Conditioning,

The process of adjusting the fit of a denture for comfort.

Grinding Stones

Tools used to adjust and polish dental materials.

Pre-fabricated Impression Trays

Ready-made trays used for taking dental impressions.

Dental Crowns

Caps placed over teeth to restore their shape, size, and strength.

Inlays and Onlays

Indirect restorations used to repair decayed or damaged teeth.

Thermal Expansion

The increase in volume of a material when heated.

Plasticity of Impression Materials

The capability of material to be shaped without breaking before setting.

Pressure Curing

Process of curing resins under pressure to reduce monomer release.

Flexural Strength

The ability of a material to withstand bending forces.

Composite Resins

Materials used for direct restorations, inspired by natural tooth appearance.

Dental Mock-Up Procedure

The steps taken to create a temporary restoration for evaluation.

Color Matching Techniques

Methods used to select the right shade for dental restorations.

Temporary Cement

Material used to temporarily bond dental restorations.

Shade Guides

Tools used to compare and select colors for restorative dentistry.

Dental Impressions

Negative replicas of the oral cavity used to create models.

Temporary Restorative Materials

Substances used for short-term restorations.

Hardness Tests

Evaluations to measure the hardness of dental materials.

Impression Techniques

Methods used to take accurate dental impressions.

Shrinkage during Polymerization

Dimensional change in materials as they cure.

Sufficient Working Time

The duration in which a material can be manipulated before setting.

Batch Variability

Differences in properties between batches of material.

Bond Strength Tests

Assessments to measure the adhesion of dental materials.

Laboratory Fabrication of Restorations

Creation of dental restorations in a lab environment.

Dental Casts

Positive reproductions made from dental impressions.

Material Selection Criteria

Factors considered when choosing dental materials.

Mechanical Properties

Attributes of materials related to their strength and stability.

Esthetic Requirements

Aesthetic considerations for dental restorative materials.

Silicone for Gastroscopy

Specific silicone preparations used for examination purposes.

Mouth Guards

Protective devices used to prevent dental injuries.

Digital Impressions

Impressions taken using digital scanning technologies.

Hardness of Dental Materials

Resistance of materials to indentation or scratching.

Biocompatibility

The ability of a material to interact safely with living tissue.

Wear and Tear Testing

Simulation of mechanical use to evaluate durability.

Dentin Bonding Agents

Materials used to promote adhesion between dentin and restorative materials.

Provisional Prosthodontics

Temporary solutions that support healing or adjustments.

Anatomical Features in Impressions

Characteristics that should be captured during impression taking.

Reversible Hydrocolloids

Materials that can change from a gel back to a sol when heated.

Application of Dental Compounds

Use of substances in modeling or reconstructing tooth features.

Casting Techniques in Dentistry

Procedures to create models or restorations from impressions.

Impact of Warm Temperature in Acrylic

Increased temperature can enhance the curing speed of acrylic compounds.

Mechanical Properties of Silicones

Describes the behavior of silicone materials under stress.

Adjustable Impression Trays

Customizable trays designed for specific patient needs.

Retention Mechanisms

Features that enhance the adherence of materials to surfaces.

Esthetics in Prosthodontics

Aesthetic considerations for crafting prosthetic devices.

Performance Testing Strips

Sample evaluations to ascertain material efficacy.

Exploration of Dental Restoratives

Investigating properties and applications of restorative materials.

Abrasive Materials in Dentistry

Substances used for polishing and refinishing dental surfaces.

Polyether Impressions

Impression materials known for their stability and accuracy.

Tissue Conditioning Materials

Materials used to improve soft tissue health under dentures.

Properties of Glass Ceramics

Characteristics like strength and translucency unique to glass ceramics.

Surface Treatments of Dentures

Procedures to enhance the performance and aesthetics of dentures.

Moisture Control

Management of humidity levels during the setting of materials.

Plaster in Dentistry

Used for making models, known for its ease of use and setting time.

Placement Techniques of Restorations

Methods employed to position dental restorations accurately.

Permanent Vs Temporary Materials

Differences between long-term and short-term dental solutions.

Radiosensitivity of Impressions

How dental materials react to exposure to radiation.

Thermal Properties of Dental Materials

Affected by temperature changes, impacting clinical performance.

Mechanical Workability

Ease of use and manipulation of dental material during application.

Effectiveness of Restorative Techniques

Measures of how dental restoration methods perform.

Composite Layering in Aesthetics

Techniques to create depth and realism in dental aesthetics.

Cross-Linking in Polymers

Reactions that form connections between polymer chains, enhancing strength.

Curing Cycles of Dental Materials

Processes describing the phase of setting materials.

Vulcanization Process

Curing method for polysulfides with heat or chemical additives.

Efficiency of Mixing Materials

Methods to maximize homogeneity in dental mixtures.

Tensile and Compressive Strength

Ability to withstand tensile and compressive forces, respectively.