Studied by 4 people
Young Turks
A group of reformers that emerged in the Ottoman empire where they advocated for a constitution like various European states
Turkification
The practice of having a solely Turkic empire
Bolsheviks
An organization in Russia representing the working class under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin; A communist group
Mexican Revolution
A revolt that occurred in Mexico against the long standing, dictatorship government
Sun Yat-Sen
The name of the Chinese leader who created a republic after a revolution led to the fall of the Qing dynasty; This person later recognized their weakness and gave up position to military rule
Porfirio Diaz
The name of the Mexican President who led a dictatorship government in Mexico and was strongly opposed
Francisco Madero
A man put in jail for being the opposing party to Porfirio Diaz; Later escaped and led the Mexican Revolution
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The name of the Austrian-Hungarian leader who was assassinated by the Serbians
Black Hand
The name of the organization that killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand; Additionally organization was known for wanting to end Austro-Hungarian presence in Balkans
Triple Entente
The alliance between Britain, France, and Russia over their shared hatred of Germany
Central Powers
One side of WWI that consisted of countries like Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Ottomans; In WWII it consisted of Japan, Germany, Russia (at first), etc.
Allies
One side of WWI that consisted of countries like Russia, Britain, France, Japan, Italy; In WWII it consisted of France, Britain, Russia (after transfer from Central Powers)
MAIN
The acronym surrounding the causes of WWI; Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
Gavrilo Princip
The name of the person who led the assassination against Archduke Franz Ferdinand; Was part of the Black Hand
Propaganda
Used by countries all around the world to display untrue ideas about other armies; Typically biased and spread misinformation
Woodrow Wilson
The president of the US during the time of WWI
Paris Peace Conference
The name of the conference that occurred to essentially decide what to do at the end of WWI
Total War
The phrase that refers to countries putting all of their resources into a war
Zimmerman Telegram
A message that was originally directed to the Mexican Government from Germany; Was intercepted by the US which led to their involvement in WWI
Lusitania
A U-boat that was sunk and attacked by the Germans which had a lot of US citizens on it; Was another partial reason for US involvement in WWI
Trench Warfare
A type of warfare/technology that was extremely beneficial during WWI; Was categorized by people spending long days in these as they often waited out battles
League of Nations
An organization established after WWI by various nations around the world that was supposed to be for discussing future conflicts; The US did not join
Fourteen Points
A document by Woodrow Wilson that specifically focused on self-determination and creating an anti-conflict group (like the League of Nations) after WWI
Treaty of Versailles
The name of the treaty signed that essentially punished Germany (made them take full blame for the war and pay reparations) and decided what to do with the country in the future
Weimar Republic
Essentially another name for Germany or the German government as a whole
Self-Determination
An extremely influential ideology that spread across the world which essentially stated that other countries should decide their own political futures; Thought of by Woodrow Wilson
Great Depression
A time period within the United States that was categorized a huge impact on the world economy as a whole due to the reliance that some countries had on other economies (Ex. some places prospered solely because of trade)
Keynesian Economics
A way to look at the economy in the US as created by John Maynard Keynes, where he essentially stated to focus on deficit spending rather than a capitalist government
New Deal
An economic “reform, relief, and recovery” ideology that was implemented by FDR and based off of Keynes ideas; Essentially changed government systems and brought relief to those suffering
New Economic Plan
A plan instituted throughout Russia by Lenin where he reintroduced private trade with some economic liberties; Mostly he maintained strict political control though; This was implemented after the economy of Russia was near a collapse due to the Russian Civil War
Five Year Plan
An economic plan instituted by Stalin after abandoning the NEP where the USSR was meant to transform into an industrial power
Collectivization
A phrase that related to Stalin’s Five Year Plan where he took farmland from private ownership
Fascism
An ideology followed by the Italian government and Germany where it appealed to extreme nationalism and justified violence to achieve goals
Corporatism
An economic strategy followed by Germany at the time where sectors of the economy were seen as separate organs of the same body; Essentially state-controlled
Totalitarian State
What Italy became as the government slowly began to control all aspects of society
Benito Mussolini
An important Italian leader during the various World Wars
Ethiopia
The land that Italy succeeded in colonizing after their attempt to seizing Libya (succeeded)
Lowered Prices
The practice that Japan did throughout the Great Depression to better their economy
Mohandas Ghandi
The name of a peaceful resistance movement leader from India who firmly believed in using peaceful resistance
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
The name of the man who proposed to split the Indian state into Pakistan and India so that the different regions could have people living there who were of the same religion
Mandate System
Essentially just a system that was established after WWI to continue control over various colonies, especially those of Germany’s and the Ottomans
Balfour Declaration
A declaration signed which stated that Jews of Europe should have a new home in Palestine
Massacre at Amritsar
An conflict that occurred in India at a Sikh festival where a protest was going on and British troops began to openly shoot at people during this demonstration
Satyagraha Movement
Basically the ideologies that Mohandas Ghandi based his revolts against; Simply doing the right thing and just revolting against unjust laws rather than engaging in violent contact
March First Movement
A resistance movement occurring in Korea against the Japanese and after the Korean emperor was murdered with “no cause”
May Fourth Movement
A resistance movement occurring in China after tensions rose when the Paris Peace Conference resulted in Japan getting German territories in the Pacific rather than the Chinese (who wanted the same lands)
Mao Zedong
Founder of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in China who was inspired by the revolt that occurred in Russia
Kuomintang
The name of the Chinese Nationalist Party that was led by Sun Yat-Sen
Long March
The name of a march that the CCP went on in an attempt to show their commitment to their ideologies and to retreat from Nationalist forces
Japan
The common enemy that the CCP and Nationalist parties set aside their differences for in an attempt to prevent this country from gaining control over them
Adolf Hitler
The name of the person who came into power over the Weimar Republic and led Germany through the war
Kristallnacht
The night that many anti-Jewish riots occurred; Various Jewish stores and businesses were broken into, etc.; All occurred because of a staged demonstration where the Germans killed a diplomat and blamed it on Jewish teenagers (staged)
Reichstag
The German Parliament Building that was burned down in a staged show by the Nazis where they blamed radical extremists for the act; Used to outlaw all other political parties
Nuremberg Laws
Essentially a set of laws established in Germany that were related to many anti-Semitic values
Appeasement
“Policy of [ ]”; Followed by the British after WWI in an attempt to please Germany and prevent WWII
Munich Agreement
An agreement which essentially stated that Hiter could annex the Sudetenland as long as they don’t take over any more Czech territory (Hitler did not stay true to his word and later got control over all the territory)
German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
A pact signed between the Russians and the Germans where they essentially vouched to not attack on another; Hitler also offered Stalin control of Eastern Poland if the USSR aided in the invasion of the country
Great Britain
The country that promised protection to Poland if they were ever attacked by Germany or another country
Blitzkrieg
The term used to describe the rapid fire or lightning bullets that were used in the war
Lend-Lease Act
A policy from the US where they were not directly involved in the war however they gave any materials necessary to the British
Island Hopping
A practice done by the US military where they essentially targeted specific islands during the fight with Japan (typically weaker ones)
V-J Day
The name of the day for when Japan finally surrendered in the war
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The two places that were bombed by nuclear weapons from the United States and resulted in the end of WWII
V-E Day
The name of the day for when the Allies in Europe finally succeeded in WWII
D-Day
The name of a day where German forces were essentially bombarded by the Allies in a surprise attack to regain the French capital
Rosie the Riveter
The symbol of women working in the war for the US; Japan prided on doing the opposite as they did not use women in their war effort
Battle of Britain
The battle where the Germans resulted in simply bombing various British cities; Resulted in many civilian casualties
Pearl Harbor
The event characterized with Japan dropping bombs at a naval fleet in the United States, signifying the beginning/entrance of them into the war
Influenza Epidemic
A large pandemic that occurred after the wars and quickly spread throughout the war as well with people living in close proximity
Armenian Genocide
A mass killing event that was targeted against the Christian Armenians who were supposedly believed to “strategize” with the Russians during the war (Ottomans = against this) so punishment led to mass killing
Armistice Day
The day that Germany surrendered to the Allies
Rwandan Genocide
A mass killing that involved the Hutus and Tutsis where the Tutsis were originally treated better under the imperial rule; This led to the Hutus being extremely upset so when the country was freed they killed mass groups of Tutsis
Ethnic Cleansing
A horrible practice that occurred throughout Serbia where they killed many Muslims from Bosnia and Kosovo (wanted to get rid of Muslims from the state)
Asia for Asiatics
Essentially a “program” throughout Japan where they forced people they conquered into labor camps
Comfort Women
Women who were used for the gain of male soldiers in Japan
Holocaust
The event name associated with the mass killing of Jews by the Germans, specifically the Nazis under the rule of Heimrich Himmler
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