4. How are the world's languages similar and different?
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10 Terms
language isolate
language with no genetic relationship with any other language
extinct languages
NO living native speakers
iconicity
signs that have pictorial qualities, which means that the sign in some way represents to form of he actual thing
arbitrary signs
the form of the sign does not in any way represent the shape or qualities of the entity (opposite of an iconic sign)
“classifiers” / “depicting signs”
using some parts of signs (handshape for example) but in a very visual and creative way
fingerspelling
spelling individual letters of the alphabet on the hands, in order to “borrow” spoken language words
linguistic typology
the study and classification of the world’s languages
explains structural diversity and common properties of languages
count nouns
we can inflect them for plural
mass nouns
non-countable without a special counter
pluralia tantum
(always plural) even if they are one object
Note 
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