science Cells

Nucleus 

Contains DNA

Ribosomes 

Synthesize Proteins

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Making and transporting proteins

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Lipid synthesis; helps create fats, oils

Golgi Apparatus

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport out of the cell

Vacuoles and vesicles

Stores materials

Lysosomes

Break down and recycle macromolecules 

Cytoskeleton

Maintains cell shape; like a whip moves cell parts; helps cells move

Centrioles

Organize cell divisions

Chloroplasts 

Converts solar energy to chemical energy stored in food; ex: photosynthesis

Mitochondria

convert chemical energy in food to useable compounds

Cell Wall

Shapes, supports, protects the cell

Cell membrane

Regulates materials entering and leaving the cell; protects and supports the cell

Cillian  

hair on the eukaryotic cell

Organelles

parts that are within the cell

Unicellular

an organism made up of a single cell

Multicellular

an organism made up of more than one cell

Three principles of Cell Theory

1. All living things are composed of cells

2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 

3. New cells are produced from existing cells

What is this?

Eukaryotic Animal

What is this?

Eukaryotic Plant

What is this?

Prokaryotic (ex: bacteria)

Structural Organelles Examples

Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Centrioles, Spindle Fibers

Structural Organelles….

provides structure and shape of the cell

Produce the macromolecule organelles

Ribosomes, Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth ER, Golgi Apparatus, Chloroplast, Mitochondria 

Transport, store, recycle, macromolecules

Lysosomes Vesicles Vacuoles

Protect the cells and its parts harm

Nucleus, Cell membrane, Cell Wall, Capsule, Peroxisome

No membrane
No Nucleus
Divides by nucleus 
Unicellular 

Prokaryote

Membrane= = bound organelles, wider variety and complexity 

DNA held and protected in nucleus

Divides by mitosis

Uni- and multicellular organisms

Eukaryote

Cell

Small

endless variety of shapes and sizes

well organized and complex

Osmosis

Movement diffusion of water molecules

Low solute concentration

High water concentration

High solution concentration

High water water concentration

Cell Membrane

controlling the movement of things in and out of the cell

What is the structure of Cell Membrane?

Phospholipid bilayer
Membrane Proteins
Carbohydrates
Cholesterol

What is the function of Cell membrane 

Provides protection for the cell by keeping harmful substances out and keeping the components of the cell inside