Oral Com Chapter 7

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English

12th

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23 Terms

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Nonverbal communication
Messages expressed without words, as through body movements, facial expressions, eye contact, tone of voice, and so on.
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Expectancy Violation Theory
Explains how we manage ambiguity using nonverbal communication. Three main point.

* people experience physical or psychological arousal when processing nonverbal cues
* violation may be perceived as positive or negative
* people accommodate or compensate
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Affect Displays
Facial expressions, body movements, and vocal traits that reveal emotional states.
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Emblems
Deliberate gestures with precise meanings known to virtually all members of a cultural group.
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Illustrators
Nonverbal behaviors that accompany and support verbal messages.
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Truth Bias
Tendency to assume others are being honest.
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Deception Bias
Tendency to assume others are lying.
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Kenesics
Study of movement, facial expressions, gesture, and posture.
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Manipulators
Movements in which a person grooms, messages, rubs, holds, pinches, picks, or otherwise manipulates an object or body part. (fidgeting)
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Affect Blend
Combination of two or more expressions, each showing a different emotion.
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Paralanguage
Nonlinguistic means of vocal expression: rate, pitch, tone, and so on.
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Disfluencies
Vocal interruptions such as stammering and use of “uh, um, and er”
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Haptics
Study of touch.
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Proxemics
Study of how people and animals use space.
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Intimate distance
distance between people that ranges from touching to 18 inches; usually used by people who are emotionally close.
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Personal Distance
Distance between people 18 inches - 4 feet; commonly among most relational partners.
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Social Distance
4 - 12 feet; commonly used by people who work together or interact during sales transactions.
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Public Distance
12 feet + commonly in public speaking.
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Territoriality
Tendency to claim spaces or things as ones own, at least temporarily.
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Chronemics
Study of how humans use and structure time.
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Monochronic
Use of time that emphasizes punctuality, schedules, and completing one task at a time.
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Polychronic
Use of time emphasizes flexible schedules in which multiple tasks are pursued at the same time.
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Tattoos
* College students find tattoos more attractive on younger woman then older
* Woman find men with tattoos more aggressive and masculine
* Woman find men with tattoos appealing but not husband or father material
* people with visible tattoos struggle more getting hired