Lesson 2: Anthropology

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms introduced in the lecture notes on anthropology and related social science concepts.

Anthropology

The study of the origin and development of human societies and cultures.

Physical Anthropology

Concerned with the origin, evolution, and diversity of people.

Archaeology

Studies humans' cultures through remains and artifacts.

Linguistics

Documents the structure and use of human language in different cultures.

Cultural Anthropology

Studies the patterns of societies and their beliefs, practices, and behavior across cultures.

Holism

The idea that the whole is greater than the sum of the individual parts.

Culture (Tylor's Definition)

That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.

Ethnography

A form of research that involves long-term participation while observing the daily lives and activities of the people.

Ethnology

Applying ethnographies/ethnographic data to a single cross-cultural topic.

Multiculturalism

Existence, acceptance, or promotion of multiple cultural traditions within the fixed boundaries.

Cultural Relativism

Argues that there should be no universal standards of culture; all cultures are equal.

Ethnocentrism

Happens when one judges another culture based on one's own culture.

Charles Darwin

British naturalist and biologist; proposed the theory of evolution and natural selection.

Edward Burnett Tylor

British anthropologist; laid the groundwork for the study of culture and the development of anthropology, advocating comparative analysis.

Franz Boas

German-born American anthropologist; father of modern anthropology; introduced cultural relativism and promoted respect for cultural diversity.

Henry Otley Beyer

American anthropologist; father of Philippine Anthropology; studied the Philippines' prehistory and indigenous cultures; proposed Waves of Migration Theory.

Felipe Landa Jocano

Philippine anthropologist; promoted Core Population Theory; studied folklore, prehistory, and cultural communities; trained students in grounded theorizing and reflexive ethnography.

National Museum of Anthropology

Institution that stages Philippine ethnographic and archaeological collections narrating the country’s story from past to present.