(4)Osteology of Maxilla/Mandible Occlusion; Compensating Curves of Occlusion

flashcard style

The maxilla is made up of what two bones?

Right maxilla and left maxilla

What is the plural of maxilla?

Maxillae

What is the function of the maxilla?

Gives contour to nose, cheeks, upper lip, and face

Located above teeth and below orbit (eye)

Body of Maxilla

How many processes project from the body?

4

• forms part of cheek bone

• Can feel it under the eye

• Gives shape to cheek

• Look like a jug handle when viewed from occlusal

Zygomatic Process

Extends from body toward nose

Frontal (nasal) Process

Hard palate

• 2 processes (R & L) that form roof of mouth or palate

• Joints inner (lingual) portion of alveolar process

Palatine Process

• Most significant portion

• Bone surrounding roots of teeth

• Gives support to all maxillary teeth

Alveolar Process

2 air-filled cavities located on lateral sides of nose, above maxillary premolars and molars

Maxillary Sinus

Depression or slight concavity, facially, above incisors where root tips are located

Incisive Fossa

Slight depression, facially, distal to canine

Canine Fossa

Heavy roll of bone over facial portion of root of canine

Canine Eminence

• Opening in bone (slight depression)

• Located bilaterally between eye (orbit) and canine/premolar root area

• Infraorbital nerve infiltrates with anesthetic for maxillary anterior teeth

Infraorbital Foramen

• Located in anterior portion of hard palate

• Location for anesthesia for anterior teeth

Incisive Canal and Foramen

• Heavy bone located distal to last posterior tooth

• Very important when constructing a denture

Maxillary Tuberosity

• Gives shape to chin or jaw

• Consists of one bone that is horseshoe shaped

Mandible

Ball-shaped portion distal to Sigmoid notch; contacts with temporal bone to form TMJ

Condyle (Condylar Process)

Bone that supports/surrounds roots of teeth

Alveolar Process

Large ridge of facial; located vertically on ramus

External Oblique Ridge

Opening between 1st and 2nd premolars (mental nerve)

Mental Foramen

• Also called Mylohyoid Ridge

• Located on inside of mandible

• Muscles attach here

Internal Oblique Ridge

2 rolls of bone on lingual surface of anterior teeeth

Genial Tubercles

The _________(green) is located on inner surface of ramus; elevation of bone which protects entrance of _________(pink) (opening)

Lingula, mandibular foramen

Socket (hole) where tooth is missing; where roots were

Alveolus

What two plates make up the Alveolus?

Buccal plate and Lingual plate

Outer surface of alveolus

Buccal plate

Lingual surface of alveolus

Lingual plate

located between roots

Interradicular bone

located between teeth

Interseptal bone

Coming together of teeth (contacting in function)

Occlusion

The way teeth come together that is most comfortable for patient; may not be ideal or typical

Habitual Occlusion (maximum interdigitation)

improper occlusion

Malocclusion

What are the reference points in occlusion?

• Maxillary 1st molar to mandibular 1st molar

• Anteriors - maxillary are to be labial to mandibular teeth, with contact

• Maxillary 1st molar = ½ tooth distal to mandibular 1st molar

• Maxillary teeth = facial or anterior to mandibular teeth

• Maxillary canine is located distal to mandibular canine

Class I

Teeth are interrelated to allow for the most efficient use of forces for mastication, while protecting and stabilizing arches

Compensating Curves of Occlusion

Anterior to posterior position (2 dimensional)

1. Begins at canines and follows posteriorly

2. Mandibular are concave

3. Maxillary are convex

Curve of Spee

Medial/lateral curvature of occlusal plane of posterior teeth

• 2-dimensional

• Opposite direction of Curve of Spee

• Allows for sphere of motion in chewing

Curve of Wilson

• ½ of a sphere

• Combines Curve of Spee and Curve of Wilson

• 3-dimensional

Sphere of Monson