GI ruminant ID interactive

What pathogen would cause a hard immovable lump on the mandible?

Actinomycosis —> lumpy jaw

• causes osteomyelitis of maxilla or mandible - lysis of bone + bone growth

how would we control actinomycosis (lumpy jaw)?

• remove coarse feed from diet

• oral or IV iodine

• parental penicillin or oxytetracycline

what pathogen would cause a swelling on the caudal buccal cavity or laryngeal region?

fusobacterium necrophorum —> laryngeal necrobacillosis (calf diphtheria)

what pathogen would cause hypersalivation and difficulty swallowing?

actinobacillus lignieresii —> wooden tongue

• tongue is lumpy making swallowing difficult and increased salivation

how would we treat actinobacillus lignieresii (wooden tongue)?

easy to treat with antibiotics

(much better prognosis than lumpy jaw)

does E.coli cause GI disease in adult cattle?

no - its a commensal

• enterotoxigenic E.coli can cause disease in calves —> scour in first few days of life

• can cause disease in udder —> mastitis, but usually self cure

how can salmonella be transmitted?

• faeces - main source

• milk

• airborne

how can salmonella manifest in cattle?

• septicaemia - high mortality in calves

• abortion

• enteritis

how do we test for salmonella?

ELISA serology and culture

what pathogens cause scour in calves?

• enterotoxigenic e.coli - in calves up to 7 days

• cryptosporidium - from 1 week old

• corona virus - from 5 days onwards

• rotavirus - from 5 days onwards

• coccidiosis - from 3 weeks old

what is associated with clostridium perfringens GI disease?

• high starch diet

• high plane of nutrition - fastest growing calves/lambs

  • if cow not vaccinated

what animals infected with BVDV will show mucosal disease?

persistently infected animals (infected in utero)

• becomes an issue when persistently infected animal becomes infected with cytopathic BVDV

how would we control mucosal disease due to BVDV?

no treatment - animal euthanised

what pathogen causes winter dysentery?

coronavirus

what pathogen can cause papules/vesicles on muzzle of calves?

bovine papular stomatitis virus