APGOV UNIT 1 STUDY GUIDE

John Locke

natural rights: Life, LIBERTY, ownership of property.

Rousseau

social contract: people should agree on what liberty is, and how much the government should protect it.

Federalists

Want one big government, strong federal government, want to make one big Constitution.

Anti Federalists

want state power, liberty safer with small republics.

Federalist 10

argued that a large republic can control “mischiefs of faction.”

Faction

a group with a distinct political interest.

Federal power

Can declare war, create an armed forces, establish foreign policy, regulate interstate and foreign trade, etc.

State power

Provide for public safety, establish local governments, establish and maintain schools.

Rule of Law

all will follow the same rules and rules apply equally to everyone.

Pluralist democracy

Groups participate through activism.

Elite Democracy

Representatives or “power class” participates. (Electoral College)

Participatory Democracy

People participate directly. (state elections)

US vs Lopez

Use of commerce clause was tyrannical overreach.

Free Enterprise

Government will stay out of our money and business.

Articles of Confederation

Only one branch of government, each state had control over themselves and their own constitution, states not United.

US Constitution

Stronger National Government, a list of laws.

Federalist papers

Essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay that argue for a creation of one strong, unified, federal government.

Maryland vs. McCulloch

The bank is under the necessary and proper clause due to the constitution stating that the “power to manage money” is implied, Federal institutions cannot be taxed by the state.