ionic bonds

What does the octet rule state?

Atoms tend to form bonds so that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell.

How do cations form?

Cations are formed when atoms lose electrons to achieve an octet.

What is the charge of a magnesium cation?

The charge of a magnesium cation is 2+.

What happens to chlorine atoms when they form anions?

Chlorine atoms gain one electron to form a chloride anion with a charge of 1-.

What type of ion do metals in Groups 1 and 2 typically form?

Metals in Groups 1 and 2 typically form cations.

What is formed when a sodium atom transfers an electron to a chlorine atom?

An ionic bond is formed between the sodium cation and chloride anion.

What is the ratio of sodium ions to chloride ions in sodium chloride?

The ratio is 1:1.

What is a crystal lattice?

A crystal lattice is an orderly three-dimensional structure formed by ions in ionic compounds.

How does lattice energy relate to ionic bonds?

Lattice energy is a measure of the strength of ionic bonds and depends on the electrostatic force between the ions.

According to Coulomb's law, how does charge affect ionic bond strength?

Ionic bond strength increases with the charge on the ions.

What is the boiling point trend for ionic compounds?

Ionic compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points due to strong ionic bonds.

How do ions behave when an ionic compound dissolves in water?

Ions break away from the crystal and are surrounded by water molecules.

What is the characteristic shape of sodium chloride crystals?

Sodium chloride crystals have a cubic shape.

What influences the properties of ionic compounds?

The properties of ionic compounds are influenced by their ionic structure and the arrangement of ions.

How do the melting points of ionic compounds compare to molecular compounds?

Ionic compounds generally have higher melting points than molecular compounds.