Quiz 11 IVD, Ligaments, IVF

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament is located on

anterior aspect of vertebral bodies

Posterior longitudinal ligament is located on

posterior aspect of vertebral bodies

Supraspinous ligament is located

on top of spinous process

Ligamentum Flavum connects

lamina to lamina

Facet Joint capsule connects

articular process of Z-joints

Most elastic ligament of spine

ligamentum flavum

First ligament that changes names when going to other regions

anterior longitudinal ligament

Intertransverse Ligament connects

transverse process to transverse process

Second ligament that changes names when going to other regions

posterior longitudinal ligament

Third ligament that changes names when going to other regions

Supraspinous ligament

In the C/S the anterior longitudinal ligament is narrow and blends into

altanto-occipital ligament and atlanto-axial ligament

In the C/S the anterior longitudinal ligament is starts at___ and goes continuously down to ____

C0; anterior apex of the sacrum

In the C/S the posterior longitudinal ligament is starts at___ and goes continuously down to ____

Body of C2; posterior apex of sacrum

Supraspinous ligament is known as what in C/S?

Ligament of nuchae (EOP-C7)

Above posterior longitudinal ligament is ___

tectorial ligament (C0-C2)

Cruciform ligament is ____ to tectorial ligament

deep

What connects dens to C0?

Superior longitudinal ligament

What connects dens to axis

Inferior longtudinal ligament

What connects to tubercles of atlas?

Transverse ligament

Accessory atlantoaxial ligament connects

base of dens to lateral aspects of tubercles of atlas

Costovertebral Ligament connects

head of rib to body of vertebrae

Medial costotransverse ligament

body of TP to neck of rib

Lateral costotransverse ligament connects

tip of TP to tubercle of rib

Anterior costotransverse ligament connects

TP above to anterior aspect of rib below

Posterior costotransverse ligament connects

TP above to posterior aspect of rib below

Lumbar special ligaments

none in this area

Lumbar has most developed ligaments in spine?

true

Posterior superficial sacrococcygeal is a continuation of

supraspinous ligament

Posterior deep sacrococcygeal is a continuation of

PLL

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligament of SIJ restrict

nutation

Iliolumbar ligament of SIJ restricts

nutation and side-bending

Posterior sacroiliac restricts

counternutation

anterior sacroiliac ligament restricts

nutation

Strongest ligaemnt in SIJ and restricts nutation

interosseous ligament

Ligament that plays role in proprioception of SIJ

Interosseous ligament

PLL is anatomically part of

anterior vertebrae

Biomechincally PLL is part of

posterior vertebrae

Main structure that restricts rotation of spine

IVD

ligaments located on side of vertebrae resist

lateral flexion to opposite side

Amount of IVDs in Spine

23

Amount of IVDs in Spinal column

24

IVD named after

segment above

IVD size in C/S and L/S

thicker anterior

IVD size in T/S

equal in size (body thicker posteriorly)

Which of the following is not IVD component

epiphyseal plate

Nucleus Pulpous is developed from

notochord

Nucleus Pulpous is thicker in

C/S and L/S

Nucleus Pulpous goes through

imbibition (reabsorption of water and nutrition)

How many vertebral end plates are there and what do they contains

2 and hyaline and fibrocartilage

What is the only part of IVD contains blood supply

vertebral end plates

Outermost lamella of annulus fibrous run how many degrees?

30º from horizontal plane

Most superficial lamellae of annulus fibrous attach to vertebral bodies via

sharpey’s fibers

annulus fibrous is found most in

load-bearing structure of IVD

Only part of IVD that has nerve supply

Annulus fibrous (AF) outer third layer

AF posterior aspect nerve

recurrent meningeal nerve

AF posterolateral aspect nerve

ventral primary rami

AF anterior and lateral aspect nerves

branches of gray communicating rami and sympathetic chain

Lumbar rotation to the right puts compressive stress on what side of IVD?

Left side

Under compressive loading the AF undergoes what loads?

Tensile loads due to outward pressure of nucleus pulpous

Axial rotation developes tensile strength at what degree

45 to plane of disc

Stronger area of IVD

anterior

Aspect of IVD most prone to herniation

Posterolateral

Palliative is when your posture adjusts your spine to eliminate pain

consciously

Antalgic is when your posture adjusts your body to eliminate pain

unconsciously

Medial Protrusion

Antalgic position toward side of pain

Lateral Protrusion

Antalgic position away from side of pain

Positions of disc protrusions that are outside the canal

anterior and lateral

Positions of disc protrusions that are inside the canal

posterior center and posterior lateral (most common)

Superior or inferior disc protrusion is into

the vertebral body through vertebral endplates

Protrusion is when

nucleuous pulpous has broken through some of the annulous fibrosis but nucleus is still contained

Extrusion is when

nucleuos pulpous has broken through all the AF and is not contained

Sequestrion is when

broken fragment of nucleous dislodged in the canal

Superior Boundary of IVF in C/S and L/S

Inferior Vertebral Notch of pedicle above

Anterior Boundary of IVF in C/S and L/S

vertebral body above, IVD, Vertebral body below

Anterior Boundary of IVF in C/S only

Uncinate process

Inferior Boundary of IVF in C/S and L/S

Superior notch of pedicle below

Posterior Boundary of IVF in C/S and L/S

superior AP of vertebra below

articular capsule

inferior AP of vertebra above

Superior Boundary of IVF in T/S

Inferior vertebral notch of pedicle above

Anterior Boundary of IVF in T/S

vertebral body above

IVD

Inferior Boundary of IVF in T/S

superior vertebral notch of pedicle below

Posterior Boundary of IVF in T/S

Superior AP of vertebra below

Articular capsule

Inferior AP of vertebra above

In C/S the spinal nerve exits in

lower 1/3 of IVF

In T/S the spinal nerve exits in

middle 1/3 of IVF

In L/S the spinal nerve exits in

upper 1/3 of IVF

L3 IVD affects which nerve

L4 nerve

How many structures are in the IVF

9

Nerves in IVF

dorsal root ganglion

Recurrent meningeal nerve

true spinal nerve trunk

Structures in IVF

Dural root sleeve

lymphatic channels

adipose tissue

Vessels in IVF

Segemental artery

anterior and posterior radicular veins (segmental medullary vein)

intervertebral veins

Spondylosis clinical applications

osteoarthritis

uncinate process hypertrophy

Foraminal stenosis, central stenosis, and lateral recess stenosis all affect

spinal nerve

central stenosis also affects the

spinal cord