GS.2, GS.3, GS.4 OUIZ

GS.2

• Scientists used the arrival time of seismic waves at different locations around the globe to test the hypothesis that Earth is a solid rock.

• The actual data did not match the predicted data. 

• There were many differences that have to do with wave speed through different states of matter

GS.2: Name the layers of the Earth:

• Lithosphere - strong, solid rock

• Asthenosphere - semi-solid rock

• Mesosphere - solid rock

• Outer core - molten liquid (flows)

• Inner core - solid metal

GS.2: Which difference causes the shadow zone for p- and s-waves to span different parts of the planet?

The difference between the p- and s-waves going through the liquid core. 

GS.2: What happens to p-waves when they cross from the mesosphere to the outer core? 

It bends which causes the p-waves.

GS.2: What happens to s-waves when they cross from the mesosphere to the outer core?

The s-waves disappear because they can’t go through liquids. 

GS.2: What is a shadow zone?

A shadow zone is an area around the planet where seismic waves are not recorded. 

GS.2: P-wave shadow zones:

P-wave shadow zones: p-waves refract (bend) in the liquid outer core causing them to disappear at 105 degrees and show up again at 140 degrees.

GS.2: S-wave shadow zones:

S-wave shadow zones: S-waves disappear at 105 degrees because they CANNOT travel through liquids.

GS.2: Name three differences between p- and s-waves: 

a) S-waves are more destructive than p-waves are. 

b) P- waves are weaker. 

c) S-waves can only travel through solids.  

GS.3: What are the two main particles inside an atom?

• Atoms contain charge particles called protons and electrons. 

• Electrons (e) have a negative charge (-)

• Protons (p) positive charge (+)

GS.3: What happens when charges are the same? What happens when they are different?

• Charges that are the same, repel each other.

• Charges that are different, attract each other.

GS.3: What does net mean?

Net charge: net means “overall.”

GS.3: How do you find the net charge of an object?

• To find the net charge of an object, simply add up all the charges on that object: (+6)+(-6)=0, (+8)+(-5)=+3, (+4)-(-6)=-2

GS.3: What objects don’t have an overall charge? What happens to an uncharged object?

• Most objects have no overall charge. However, an uncharged object can become charged by gaining or losing electrons.

GS.3: What is static electricity? Can you change protons?

• The buildup of charge on an object is known as static electricity. CAN’T CHANGE PROTONS.

GS.3: What is an electric field?

• An electric field is a region around one charged object where that object’s electric force can be exerted on other objects. 

GS.3: What is similar to an electric field? What does one object create? Two?

• Similar to a magnetic field, it is invisible and can be represented using field lines. 

• One object creates a field, two objects create forces. 

GS.3: What do forces always come in? What direction?

• Forces always come in pairs-equal in strength, but opposite in direction. 

GS.3: What is a vector?

Vector - an arrow, the length shows the strength.

GS.4: What are contact forces? What are non-contact forces?

• Contact forces = friction, pull, push

• Non-contact forces = electrostatic, gravity

GS.4: What is mass?

Mass is the amount of matter that makes up an object. The force of gravity is how hard two objects pull on each other due to their masses.

GS.4: What does gravitational force depend on but are not the same thing?

Gravitational force depends on mass but they are NOT THE SAME thing. 

GS.4: What do we call the force of gravity acting on an object?

Weight

GS.4: What is a gravitational field?

A gravitational field is a region around one object where that object’s gravitational force can be exerted on other objects.

A gravitational force exists between any two objects! (but it’s only significant for large masses).

Similar to a magnetic field, it is invisible and can be represented using field lines. 

GS.4: How hard does the earth pull on all objects? In other words, how strong is the earth’s gravitational field?

ION of force for every 1 kg of mass. 

GS.4: Do different planets pull on objects with different strengths?

Different planets pull on objects with different strengths!

GS.4: What is the force of gravity?

The force of gravity is a region around an object that can exert a gravitational force.

The force of gravity is weight.

The force of gravity is an interaction between two objects due to their masses.

GS.4: What is mass?

The amount of matter in an object.