DT Chapter 3

What is the lifecycle assessment?

Raw Material Extraction, Material Processing, Part Manufacturing ,Assembly, Product Use, End of Life, (Transportation)

What does the term deforestation mean?

the purposeful clearing of forested land

What does the term ecological footprint mean?

The impact humans have on the environment

What does the term social footprint mean?

The impact humans have on other people

What does fast fashion mean?

Fast fashion is creating new trends in fashion

What is a biopolymer?

Biopolymers are polymers which all carbon has been derived from renewable feedstock.

What does planned obsolescence mean?

Planning or Designing a product with a limited useful lifetime.

What does (IOT) Internet of Things mean?

The internet of physical devices embedded with electronics and software to collect and exchange data.

What does social impact mean?

Social impact is how the use of a material or manufacturing methods can effect community

What does nonrenewable resources mean?

Energy sources that are finite and will eventually run out.

What are the advantages of nonrenewable resources?

Readily Renewable

Relatively Easy to produce energy from them

What are the disadvantages of nonrenewable resources?

Non-renewable source

Increasing fuel costs

Release greenhouse gases

Describe what a hydroelectric energy source is

Uses the kinetic energy from moving water to generate electricity

What are the advantages of a hydroelectric energy source?

Renewable, No polluting gases, Reliable , Can be switched on when needed

What are the disadvantages of a hydroelectric energy source?

Visual Pollution , Damage to habitats , Can block access to ports , Trapped and rotting vegetation can produce, greenhouse gases (methane)

Describe what a wind energy source is

an energy created that uses the wind to generate electricity

What are the advantages of a wind energy source?

Renewable source , Cheap to run , No polluting gases produced

What are the disadvantages of a wind energy source?

Expensive to build , Visual Pollution , Unreliable

Describe what a solar photovoltaic energy source

The solar panels converts cold water through the panel to hot water.

What are the advantages of a solar photovoltaic energy source?

Renewable, Cheap to run, No polluting gases, Solar cells generate at the top of mountains where there is no connection to the national grid

What are the disadvantages of a solar photovoltaic energy source?

Not very effective , Costs a lot to make , Unreliable

Describe what a tidal barrages energy source is

A two way tidal power system that generates electricity by the kinetic energy of the water

What are the advantages of a tidal barrages energy source?

Sustainable, Doesn't require fuel , Doesn't produce greenhouse gases

What are the disadvantages of a tidal barrages energy source?

Alters water quality , Kills fish that are a food source for birds and mammals , Making it difficult for migrating fish, Changing shoreline

Describe what a geothermal energy source is

heat energy that is stored in the earth's crust

What are the advantages of a geothermal energy source?

Renewable , Environmentally friendly, Reliable, Small land footprint, Long-lasting

What are the disadvantages of a geothermal energy source?

Location, Cost, Earthquakes ,Chemical reactions, Development risks

Describe what a biomass energy source is

energy source that comes form plans and animals to generate heat and electricity

What are the advantages of a biomass energy source?

Renewable, Carbon-neutral, Reduces waste, Widely available

What are the disadvantages of a biomass energy source?

Land Use , Biodiversity, Soil Nutrients, Environmental Impact

What is the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED)?

established common rules and targets for the development of renewable energy

What is a circular economy?

A model of production and consumption

What is the Forest Stewardship Council?

A non-governmental organisation that certifies forests and promotes responsible forest management

What does the term fair-trade mean?

This is about better prices, decent working conditions local sustainability and fair terms of trade for farmers.

What does the term ethical trade mean?

This is about having confidence that the products and services we buy have not been made at the expense od workers in the global supply chain.

What does the term globalisation mean

the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of increased trade and cultural exchange

What are the 6 R's?

Rethink, reuse, recycle, repair, reduce, refuse

What does the term Design for Disassembly (DfD) mean?

A strategy that considers the future need to disassemble a product for it to be repaired, refurbished or recycled.

What does the term optimisation mean?

a means of identifying the best choices of design alternatives in terms of use of materials, manufacturability etc.

What does the term lead time mean?

Total time required for item manufacture

What does the term eco-materials mean?

environmentally friendly materials, those materials that enhance the environmental improvements throughout the whole lifecycle.

What does the term upcycling mean?

taking an item that is no longer needed and giving it a new life as something that is either useful or creative.

What are the requirements of a product?

a description of how a product will meet the needs of its users and stakeholders

What does the term biased mean

an inclination for or against one person or group in a way to be considered unfair

What does the term logistics mean?

the overall process of managing how resources are acquired, stored and transported to their final destination

What does the term social media marketing (SMM) mean?

the use of social media to build social networks and share information to build a company's brand, increase sales and drive website traffic

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What does the term intellectual property (IP) mean?

all types of property people can own

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What does the term copyright mean?

a set of exclusive rights or protection given to creators of original ideas.

What does the term design rights mean?

the rights of the creator of a design or designs. do not however give protection to the 2D aspects of the design

What does the term patent mean?

granted by the government to protect designs and inventions, providing strong protection.

What does the term registered design mean?

gives the ownership rights for the appearance of the product, protecting both shape and patterns.

What does the term trademark mean?

used by a company or an individual to identify and distinguish its products from those of others.

What does the term power mean?

energy produced per second

What does the term power supply mean?

the voltage supply which powers the electronic system

What does the term power supply unit (PSU) mean?

provides a steady voltage while pushing current through the system

What does the term voltage mean?

a measure of electrical 'pressure'

What are the advantages of using mains electricity?

reliable, able to provide continuous high power, low cost

What are the disadvantages of using mains electricity?

requires wired connection to a supply, not portable, danger of high voltage

What are the advantages of using non rechargeable batteries?

Readily available, Simple solution, Achieves product portability

What are the disadvantages of using non rechargeable batteries?

Expensive source of energy, Significant environmental impact, Can run out unexpectedly, Needs to be repeatedly changed,

Limited shelf life

What are the advantages of using rechargeable batteries?

Achieves product portability, Can be sealed inside product - no need to open case, LiPo batteries can be very slim, very high energy density

What are the disadvantages of using rechargeable batteries?

Limited charged shelf life, Limited number of charge/discharge cycles , Needs for appropriate charging circuits, Time taken for battery to recharge, Dangerous if not used properly

What are the advantages of using a wind generator?

Free, clean energy, Ideal in remote locations

What are the disadvantages of using a wind generator?

Output not consistent, Need for servicing, Noisy, Expensive to purchase

What are the advantages of using solar photovoltaic panels (PV)?

Free, clean energy, Ideal in remote locations, Long lasting - no moving parts

What are the disadvantages of using solar photovoltaic panels (PV)

Low power output, Output not consistent, No output at night, Need to keep panel clean