Chapter 4 vocab (science)

Nucleus

organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins

Chromosomes

strutre in a cell's nucleus that contains hereditary material

Asexual reproduction

a type of reproduction-fission, budding, and regeneration-in which a new organ­ism is produced from one organism and has DNA identical to the parent organism

Heredity

the passing of traits from parents of offsprings

Organism

an living thing; uses energy, is made of cells, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops

Sexual reproduction

a type of reproduction in which two sex cells, usually an egg and a sperm, join to form a zygote, which will develop into a new organ­ism with a unique ide

Sperm

haploid sex cell formed in the male reproductive organs

Egg

haploid sex cell formed in the female reproductive

Organs

structure, such as the heart, made up of different types of tissues that all work together.

Fertilization

in sexual reproduction, the joining of a sperm and egg.

Zygote

: new diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg; will divide by mitosis and develop into a new organism

Diploid

of semiconductor material that allows electric cur­rent to flow in only one direction and is commonly used to change alternating current to direct current.

Haploid

cell that has half the number of chromosomes as body cells