Plate boundaries + Volcanoes

Label the differing layers of the Earth in order (4)

Label the differing layers of the Earth in order (4)

1. Crust

2. Mantle

3. Outer core

4. Inner core

Define the crust

Is a thin rocky layer at the surface

def Plate boundaries

Where plate boundaries meet

def the core

is made of iron and lies at the centre

def Oceanic plates

are under the oceans

def the continental plates

carry the continents

What occurs at the Asthenosphere

This is where the convection currents occur

What is the Lithosphere

Comprises the upper mantle and crust

The centre of the Earth is hard or soft and at what temperature?

5500 degrees centigrade

Describe oceanic crust (4)

• new

• can be destroyed and created

• More dense so it subducts

• More thinner

Descrive continental crust (3)

• old crust

• less dense

• thicker

Conservative plate boundary:

1. Plate movement and type of plates involved:

2. Description of what is happening at the plate boundary:

3. Hazards found

4. Example of plate movement:

1. Plates slide past eatchother

2. Plates slide past each other (or at differing speeds) and lock. The pressure builds up suddenly they jolt as they snap loose. Shockwaves cause shallow focus earthquakes to occur.

3. Earthquakes only

4. Pacific and North American Plates in same direction but differing speeds causing the San Andreas Fault

Collision plate boundary

1. Plate movement and type of plates involved:

2. Description of what is happening at the plate boundary:

3. Hazards found

4. Example of plate movement:

1. 2 continental plates pushing against eatchother

2. Convection currents in the asthenosphere move two continentals plates together as they are not dense  they cannot subduct and therefore merely rise upwards.

3. Earthquakes only

4. Indian plate (continental) converging with the Eurasion plate (continental)

Diverging Constructive plate boundary:

1. Plate movement and type of plates involved:

2. Description of what is happening at the plate boundary:

3. Hazards found

4. Example of plate movement:

1. North America and the Eurasian plate moving apart (2 continental plates moving apart)

2. Convection currents in the asthenosphere move two plates apart causing magma to upwell and create a mid-ocean ridge

3. Earthquakes and Volcanoes

4. Eurasian and North American continental plates moving apart creating the Mid Atlantic Ridge

Converging Destructive plate boundary:

1. Plate movement and type of plates involved:

2. Description of what is happening at the plate boundary:

3. Hazards found

4. Example of plate movement:

1. Nazca oceanic plate subducting the South American continental plate (oceanic plate sinking under continental crust)

2. This magma is less dense and rises and if there is a weakness in the continental plate above then the magma will push through and create a volcano. The grinding together of the plates creates a fold mountain.

3. Earthquakes and Volcanoes

4. Trench is the Peru-Chile Trench, Volcano (composite) is Volcano Misti and the Fold Mountains are the Andes Mountains.

Sheild Volcano:

1. Plate boundary

2. Lava type and Silica content

3. Eruption frequency

4. Eruptions size

5. Height

6. Width

7. Steepness

8. Example

1. Diverging Construction

2. Basic lava with a low silica content

3. High

4. Small

5. Low

6. Very wide

7. Shallow (not steep)

8. Eurasian and North American continental plates moving apart creating the Mid Atlantic Ridge creating the shield volcano MAR

Composite/ Strato Volcano:

1. Plate boundary

2. Lava type and Silica content

3. Eruption frequency

4. Eruptions size

5. Height

6. Width

7. Steepness

8. Example

1. Converging Destructive

2. Acid lava with a high silica content

3. Low

4. Big

5. Tall

6. Narrow

7. Steep

8. Nazca oceanic plate subducting the South American continental plate creating the composite Volcano Misti

Prediction

trying to forecast when an event (earthquake/eruption) will happen