Chapter 16: Amines
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9 Terms
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Alkaloid
________ is a naturally occurring, nitrogen- containing compound isolated from a plant.
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RNH2
Amines contain one or more organic groups bonded to nitrogen; they have the general formulas ________, R2NH, and R3N.
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ethanamine
Methanamine, ________, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine are gases; all other simple amines are liquids.
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heterocycles
compounds that contain atoms other than carbon in the ring are known as heterocycles.
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Quaternary ammonium ion
________ is a positive ion with four organic groups bonded to the nitrogen atom (R4N+)
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Primary
________ and secondary amines can hydrogen- bond with each other and thus are higher boiling than alkanes but lower boiling than alcohols, due to weaker hydrogen bonds.
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Quaternary ammonium salt
________ is an ionic compound composed of a quaternary ammonium ion and an anion.
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Simple amines
________ (those with less than four carbons) are water- soluble due to their ability to hydrogen bonding with water.
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Just like ammonia, aqueous solutions of amines are weakly basic because of the formation of OH
and R3NH+ ions in water