Chapter 16: Amines

Alkaloid

________ is a naturally occurring, nitrogen- containing compound isolated from a plant.

RNH2

Amines contain one or more organic groups bonded to nitrogen; they have the general formulas ________, R2NH, and R3N.

ethanamine

Methanamine, ________, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine are gases; all other simple amines are liquids.

heterocycles

compounds that contain atoms other than carbon in the ring are known as heterocycles.

Quaternary ammonium ion

________ is a positive ion with four organic groups bonded to the nitrogen atom (R4N+)

Primary

________ and secondary amines can hydrogen- bond with each other and thus are higher boiling than alkanes but lower boiling than alcohols, due to weaker hydrogen bonds.

Quaternary ammonium salt

________ is an ionic compound composed of a quaternary ammonium ion and an anion.

Simple amines

________ (those with less than four carbons) are water- soluble due to their ability to hydrogen bonding with water.

Just like ammonia, aqueous solutions of amines are weakly basic because of the formation of OH

and R3NH+ ions in water