AP Lang Unit 1 Pre-Quiz

logos

a greek term that appeals to logic and reason (definitions, facts, data, evidence)

ethos

a greek term that appeals to ethics, authority, credibility, and character (reliability of author/text)

pathos

a greek term that appeals to emotion (vivid details, emotional examples)

exemplification

rhetorical mode that provides a series of examples (facts, specific cases, instances) makes an arguement clear and more persuasive

voice

the distinctive style of language based on the elements of diction, detail, imagery, syntax, and tone

quotation

a line or excerpt taken word for word, enclosed in quotation marks and correctly cited

definition

a rhetorical mode in which a writer names, identifies something

argumentation/persuasion

a rhetorical mode that attempts to prove a point of view by presenting a reasonable and convincing discussion. This mode of rhetoric oftentimes serves as a ‘call-to-action’, meaning it urges the readers to take a stance or act upon something.

analysis

a rhetorical mode that breaks something (movie, book, poem) down into parts and examines how the parts affects the whole.

process analysis

a rhetorical mode that explains how something works, how to do something, or how something was done. Also explains a subject clearly and logically, making major steps, stages, or phases of a process

description

a rhetorical mode that includes detail like narration does, but differs in the fact that it ‘paints a picture’ to establish mood or atmosphere. Clear, vivid writing and emotionally charged language is often more persuasive

classification

a rhetorical mode that involves sorting info into categories (what goes together and why)

narration

a rhetorical mode that recount anecdotes, events (personal experiences or obtained knowledge). Shares a personal story

ambiguity

a vagueness of meaning. conscious lack of clarity meant to evoke multiple meanings or interpretations

detail

facts, observations, and incidents used to develop a subject and impart voice

tone

the expression of attitude. The writer's/narorato’s implied attitude toward his subject and audience

summary

providing the main points of a longer work

paraphrase

putting a text in your own words by changing the diction and syntax and still citing the source

syntax

sentence structure- word order, sentence length, sentence focus, and punctuation

synthesis

act of combining elements to form something new based on sources (in dbqs)

rhetoric

the art of using language eficiently

counter-argument

the opposition to a thesis or argument

refutation

the process of proving something wrong or false

imagery

verbal representation of sensory experience. In literature, all 5 senses may be represented.

diction

word choice