enzymes

what are some features of all enzymes

all tertiary proteins with a globular shape

act as biological catalysts

all enzymes are specific catalyse one shape of substrate

affected by temp and ph

hydrolyse polymers into monomers

what is activation energy

the extra energy that is required to enable a reaction to occur

what are the two types of enzyme action models

induced fit

lock and key

what is the lock and key enzyme action model

enzymes have a specific shaped active site which is complimentary to the shape of the substrate molecules

what is the induced fit model

substrate is not complementary to the active site so it collides and binds

the active site changes shape slightly to fit more closely to the substrate and becomes complementary and is held in position by oppositely charged r groups

this causes an enzyme substrate complex to be formed

a change in the enzymes active site puts strain on the bonds in the substrate molecule which makes it easier to break or form bonds which allows the reaction to occur more easily

this lowers activation energy

enzyme product complex is formed and the product no longer fits into the active site so it is released