C Programming Input/Output Functions and Random Number Generation

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to input/output functions and random number generation in C programming.

printf

Used to write formatted output to the console.

scanf

Used to read formatted input from the keyboard.

Format Flags

Special characters following a percent sign in printf that specify how to format values.

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange, representing text in computers.

Binary

A numerical system that uses two symbols, typically 0 and 1, to represent data.

Octal

Base-8 number system using digits 0-7.

Hexadecimal

Base-16 number system using digits 0-9 and letters A-F.

Escape Sequences

Special characters used in strings to represent certain actions or formats.

Random Number Generation

The process of producing a sequence of numbers that lack any pattern.

srand

Function used to seed the random number generator.

getchar

Function that waits for a character to be present in the input buffer and returns it.

fgets

Function that reads a string from the keyboard, limiting input size.

sscanf

Function that reads formatted input from a string.

Bin

A storage location for categorizing random numbers generated within a specified range.

Gaussian Distribution

A bell-shaped distribution of random variables that is symmetric around the mean.

drand48

Function that returns uniformly distributed random doubles between 0 and 1.,

srand48

Function that seeds the random number generator for drand48.