apush chapters 13-15 study giude

henry clay

the nations compromiser

died in 1852

why was there a need for the compromise of 1850

the gold rush in 1849 caused settlers to move to california and they wanted law and order. CA banned slavery. president taylor was supportive of CA and NM and they gained admission as a free state. this made some southern people want to seceed

compromise of 1850

admit CA as a free state

divide the rest of the mexican cession into unah and NM

allow settlers in those areas to vote on slavery

ban slave trade in washington D.C. but let slave owners maintain slaves

adopt fugitive slave act

an idea by henry clay

popular soviernty

allowing people in a state to vote on the issue of slavery

fugitive slave act

track down runaway (or presumed runaway) enslaved people and return to owner

made the slave courts federal government matters

slaves were denied trial with jury

anyone who attempted to hide a runaway slave faced pentalties

know nothing party

nativism: hostility to immigrants

when asked about politics they would say “i know nothing”

only native born americans to hold office

21 for immigrants in the US to attain citizenship

how was the republican party founded

the democrats were split north vs south and dismantled whig party because of slavery

ex whigs who supported slavery joined democrats

whigs who opposed slavery formed the republican party

founded in wisconsin (1854) in reaction to nebraska kansas act

made up of anti slavery whigs and democrats, free soilers, and abolitionists

uncle toms cabin

a book with depections of saintly enslaved people and cruel masters

south response: aunt phillis’s cabin

frederick douglass

a leader of the abolitionist movement

dred scott vs sandford

dred scott was an enslaved man and he and his wife, harriet, sued for freedom because they were residence in a free territory. the court ruled that congress had no right to ban slavery from a federal territory and they should still be kept in bondage

george fitzhugh

a southern author that said that slavery was needed to help the african americans

kansas nebraska act

repealed missouri compromise

allowed popular soviernty to decide if its a slave of free state

lead to bleeding kansas

immigration trends in 1840s to 1850s

crop failure and shortages in european countries lead many people to come to the US for the economic opportunity

New England emigrant aid company

secured, low-cost transportation for emigrants and provided temporary housing for settlers when they reach the Kansas territory

South Carolina secession from the union

when Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 election, South Carolina seceded from the union out of fear that slavery would be banned. many southern states followed

rich mans war but poor man’s fight

poor white Southern Man, most of whom do not own slaves, were more likely to fight in the confederate army in the wealthier people who did own slaves (slavery being the cause of the war)

draft act of 1863

union army

Won the war

Led by Abraham Lincoln

Wanted to ban or stop the spread of slavery

confederate army

wanted to spread slavery

seceded from the union

Lost the war

Abraham Lincoln

President during the Civil War

Didn’t want to ban slavery, but instead stop the spread

Republican party member

Reason why southern states seceded

Gettysburg address

an address by Abraham Lincoln

strengths arguement in the war being a war against slavery

African-American service in the Civil War

many free African-Americans would fight in the union side of the war

massechusetts 54 regiment

confiscation acts

British interference in the Civil War

remained neutral in the war

Recognized the confederate states of America as a nation

compromise of 1877

an informal deal settle the dispute of the 1876 US presidential election

Republican Rutherford B Hayes was given the White House on the understanding that he would remove federal troops from South Carolina Florida, and Louisiana and southern states could make their own laws within their states

15th amendment

grants voting rights to all free peopl

President Andrew Johnson’s reconstruction plan

10% of the 1860 voters from a state, had to take an oath of allegiance to the United States and pledged to abide by emancipation. Voters collect delicates to drop the new state constitutions and establish new state governments.

\
\
congressional reconstruction

aka radical reconstruction

Federal troops were sent to south to oversee establishment of the state governments that were more democratic

Amend the constitution to guarantee the civil rights of Freeman and African-Americans in general

thaddeus Stevens

A member of the United States, house of representatives from Pennsylvania,

one of the leaders in the radical Republicans fraction of the Republican Party during the 1860s

Freemans bureau

provided food, shelter, Clothing, medical services and land to displaced southerners and newly freed african Americans

14th amendment

grants citizenship to all americans born in the country

Black codes

restricted black peoples right to own property, conduct business, buy and leased land, and move freely through public spaces

13th amendment

abolished slavery and indentured servitude