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henry clay
the nations compromiser
died in 1852
why was there a need for the compromise of 1850
the gold rush in 1849 caused settlers to move to california and they wanted law and order. CA banned slavery. president taylor was supportive of CA and NM and they gained admission as a free state. this made some southern people want to seceed
compromise of 1850
admit CA as a free state
divide the rest of the mexican cession into unah and NM
allow settlers in those areas to vote on slavery
ban slave trade in washington D.C. but let slave owners maintain slaves
adopt fugitive slave act
an idea by henry clay
popular soviernty
allowing people in a state to vote on the issue of slavery
fugitive slave act
track down runaway (or presumed runaway) enslaved people and return to owner
made the slave courts federal government matters
slaves were denied trial with jury
anyone who attempted to hide a runaway slave faced pentalties
know nothing party
nativism: hostility to immigrants
when asked about politics they would say “i know nothing”
only native born americans to hold office
21 for immigrants in the US to attain citizenship
how was the republican party founded
the democrats were split north vs south and dismantled whig party because of slavery
ex whigs who supported slavery joined democrats
whigs who opposed slavery formed the republican party
founded in wisconsin (1854) in reaction to nebraska kansas act
made up of anti slavery whigs and democrats, free soilers, and abolitionists
uncle toms cabin
a book with depections of saintly enslaved people and cruel masters
south response: aunt phillis’s cabin
frederick douglass
a leader of the abolitionist movement
dred scott vs sandford
dred scott was an enslaved man and he and his wife, harriet, sued for freedom because they were residence in a free territory. the court ruled that congress had no right to ban slavery from a federal territory and they should still be kept in bondage
george fitzhugh
a southern author that said that slavery was needed to help the african americans
kansas nebraska act
repealed missouri compromise
allowed popular soviernty to decide if its a slave of free state
lead to bleeding kansas
immigration trends in 1840s to 1850s
crop failure and shortages in european countries lead many people to come to the US for the economic opportunity
New England emigrant aid company
secured, low-cost transportation for emigrants and provided temporary housing for settlers when they reach the Kansas territory
South Carolina secession from the union
when Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 election, South Carolina seceded from the union out of fear that slavery would be banned. many southern states followed
rich mans war but poor man’s fight
poor white Southern Man, most of whom do not own slaves, were more likely to fight in the confederate army in the wealthier people who did own slaves (slavery being the cause of the war)
draft act of 1863
union army
Won the war
Led by Abraham Lincoln
Wanted to ban or stop the spread of slavery
confederate army
wanted to spread slavery
seceded from the union
Lost the war
Abraham Lincoln
President during the Civil War
Didn’t want to ban slavery, but instead stop the spread
Republican party member
Reason why southern states seceded
Gettysburg address
an address by Abraham Lincoln
strengths arguement in the war being a war against slavery
African-American service in the Civil War
many free African-Americans would fight in the union side of the war
massechusetts 54 regiment
confiscation acts
British interference in the Civil War
remained neutral in the war
Recognized the confederate states of America as a nation
compromise of 1877
an informal deal settle the dispute of the 1876 US presidential election
Republican Rutherford B Hayes was given the White House on the understanding that he would remove federal troops from South Carolina Florida, and Louisiana and southern states could make their own laws within their states
15th amendment
grants voting rights to all free peopl
President Andrew Johnson’s reconstruction plan
10% of the 1860 voters from a state, had to take an oath of allegiance to the United States and pledged to abide by emancipation. Voters collect delicates to drop the new state constitutions and establish new state governments.
congressional reconstruction
aka radical reconstruction
Federal troops were sent to south to oversee establishment of the state governments that were more democratic
Amend the constitution to guarantee the civil rights of Freeman and African-Americans in general
thaddeus Stevens
A member of the United States, house of representatives from Pennsylvania,
one of the leaders in the radical Republicans fraction of the Republican Party during the 1860s
Freemans bureau
provided food, shelter, Clothing, medical services and land to displaced southerners and newly freed african Americans
14th amendment
grants citizenship to all americans born in the country
Black codes
restricted black peoples right to own property, conduct business, buy and leased land, and move freely through public spaces
13th amendment
abolished slavery and indentured servitude
Note
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