Respiratory Therapies and Interventions

Low Flow O2 Delivery

-Nasal Cannula

-Simple Face Mask

-Non-rebreather face mask

High-Flow O2 Delivery

-High-flow Nasal Canula

-Venturi Mask

-Alternate Aerosol Masks

-Manual Resuscitation Bag

-O2 hood or tent

Noninvasive Ventilation

-CPAP (Continuous positive airway pressure)

-BiPAP

-Nebulizer

Nasal Cannula

-1 to 6L, FiO2 24-44%

-Humidity needed at > or = 4L

-Low O2 concentration

Simple Face Mask

-6 to 12 L/min, FiO2 35-50%

-Humidified O2

-Pts who require moderate flow rate for short time

Non-rebreather Face Mask

-10 to 15 L/min, FiO2 80-95%

-High flow rates and concentrations of O2

-Highest FiO2 concentration without intubation

-Bag must remain 2/3 full during inspiration and expiration

High-Flow Nasal Canula

-Up to 60L/min

-Very Accurate O2 delivery'

-Humidity required

-Positive pressure

Venturi Mask

-4 to 15 L/min, FiO2 24-60%

-Critically ill pt who needs specific concentration of O2

-Carbon Dioxide buildup must be minimum

Alternate Aerosol Masks

-10L/min, FiO2 24-100%

-Face tent or tracheostomy collar

-High humidification with O2 delivery

-Pt has facial trauma, burns, or thick secretions

Manual Resuscitation Bag

-pt least 10 to 15L/min, 10-22 breaths per minute

-Self inflating bag is manually compressed

O2 Hood or Tent

-Pediatric population

-Comfort and cooperation for pt.

CPAP

-Positive Pressure

-Uninterrupted Breathing

-Prevents collapse of airway

BiPAP

-Bi-Level pressure

-Non-invassive

-2 different pressures

-Easier Breathing

Nebulizer

-Minimum 6L

-Adds moisture to inspired air

-Helps remove mucus and cellular debris from respiratory tract

-method of administration for certain meds

Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2)

-% of O2 a person inhales

-Concentration of O2 in air

Flow Rate

Rate/Volume O2 is delivered

Early Hypoxia Manifestations

-Tachypnea

-Dyspnea

-Tachycardia

-Restlessness, anxiety, confusion

-Pale skin and mucous membranes

-Elevated BP

-Nasal Flaring

Late Hypoxia Manifestations

-Decreased LOC

-Decreased Activity level

-Cyanotic skin and mucous membranes

-Bradypnea

-Bradycardia

-Hypotension

-Cardiac Dysrhythmias

-Metabolic Acidosis

Chronic Hypoxia Manifestations

-Clubbing of fingers and toes

-Peripheral edema

-Right-sided heart failure

-Respiratory Acidosis

-O2 Sat. <87%

O2 Toxicity Causes

-High concentrations of O2 (>50%)

-Long Duration of O2 Therapy (>24-48hr)

-Severity of Lung Disease

O2 Toxicity Manifestations

-Nonproductive cough

-Substernal cough

-nausea or vomiting

-Fatigue

-Dyspnea

-Restlessness

-Paresthesia