Physiology Lecture 23 - Blood Pressure and Blood
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27 Terms
what is the most common (~33,000 a year) birth defect in the US?
congenital heart defects
what are the two basic defects in newborns?
septum defects and aorta narrowing
what are septum defects?
oxygen rich and poor blood mix
what kind of congenital heart defect is this?
septum defects
what is aorta narrowing?
leaky valves or narrow vessels
what kind of congenital heart defect is this?
narrowed aorta
what is tetralogy of fallot?
contains both defects (oxygen-poor and -rich blood mix and leaky valves or narrow vessels)
what kind of congenital heart defect is this?
tetralogy of fallot
what happens during a normal cardiac cycle?
systole and diastole
systole
contraction, ejection of blood, squeezing
diastole
relaxation, filling up with blood
is this systolic or diastolic?
systolic
is this systolic or diastolic?
diastolic
what is occurring at step 1 and is it diastole or systole?
ventricular filling, diastole
what is occurring at step 2 and is it diastole or systole?
ventricular ejection, systole
what is occurring at step 3 and is it diastole or systole?
early diastole
Is red systolic or diastolic pressure?
systolic pressure
Is blue systolic or diastolic pressure?
diastolic pressure
how can blood pressure be altered?
hypertension or hypotension
what is hypertension?
high BP caused by more ions/volume and narrowed vessels
what are some causes of hypertension?
excess salt, abnormal arteries, increased blood volume, stress, genetics, drugs
what is hypotension?
low BP caused by less volume/ions
what are some causes of hypotension?
dehydration, blood loss, heart problems, nutritional deficiency
what detects and regulates blood pressure?
baroreceptors
what are baroreceptors and how do they work?
stretch receptors in large arteries that detect increased pressure and stretch to instruct body to change blood pressure
you lose a lot of blood. how does your body respond?
low BP, heart rate increases, vasoconstriction occurs
what is blood?
mostly gases
