Praxis Special Ed

ESEA Act

under President Johnson in the 1960's basis for title one

compensatory education

how a child's life experiences effect his learning

PARC vs. State of Penn

birthplace of FAPE

Larry P vs. Riles

misclassification of African Americans as mentally retarded because of unfair IQ tests

Is using a single IQ test to determine placement legal?

no

Diana vs. the Board of Educaiton

dealt with the language of assessment, must be administered in the students native language

Section 504 comes from

The Vocational and Rehabilitation Act of 1974

How does 504 define a disability?

much broader than IDEA disabilities that effect a life experience

Rawley vs. Henry Hudson School district

Supreme Court Ruled that a deaf student did not need to have an interpreter to receive FAPE

Which law is more medically oriented IDEA or 504?

504

Does FAPE cover students who have been suspended or expelled?

yes

What time frame must an evaluation happen after the parents give consent?

sixty days

What comes first in the IEP -- placement or program?

program first placement second

LRE means that

Least Restrictive Environment; students with disabilities must have the same access to curriculum as their non-disabled peers

Students must be involved in transition planning services starting at age

fourteen

Which principle of IDEA involves due process?

procedural safeguards

What are the six principles of IDEA

IEP, LRE, Student/parent participation, FAPE, procedural safeguards, appropriate evaluation

Developmental delay can occur in the areas of

social, emotional, physical, cognitive, adaptive, & communication

developmental delay that effects verbal and non-verbal communication and social interaction is called

Autism

hearing and visual impariments causing severe communication and other developmental and educational needs

deaf-blindness

hearing impairment that is so severe to cause impaired processing of linguistic information through hearing

deafness

inability to learn not explained by sensory intellectual or health factors

emotional disturbance

impairment in hearing that affects educaitonal performance, but not included under the definition of deafness

hearing impairment

subaverage general intellectual functioning with deficits in adaptive behavior

mental retardation

co-occurring impairments causing severe educational needs; does not include deaf-blindness

multiple disabilities

severe orthopedic impairment, including impairments caused by congenital anomalies, disease, and other causes

Orthopedic impairment

asmtha, add, adhd, diabetes, epilepsy

other health impairments

disorder in one or more psychological processes involved in understanding or using spoken or written language that may manifest itself in the ability to listen, think, write, spell, or do math

specific learning disability

communication disorders or language or voice impairments

speech or language impairment

acquired injury to the brain caused by external physical force resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment of both

traumatic brain injury

vision impairment including partial sight and blindness

visual impairment

In making a decision about curriculum and instruction for a student with a disability what piece of information is most useful?

curriculum based assessment

Randi has an average IQ score but scores far below grade in reading, writing, and math: this profile is most consistent with a :

specific learning disability

IDEA 2004 requires this on an IEP

a statement that explains why the placement is the least restrictive environemnt

Name three traits of effective inclusive schools

professional collaboration, philosophy of diversity, use of cooperative learning

"Filing out job application and after school work with an electrician" are listed on Jeff's ITP his long term goal is to..

obtain skilled or semi-skilled employment

mobility training for students who are visually impaired can involve

mowat sensor, laser cane, sonic guide

two test that are often used to identify mental retardation are

Standord Binet and Scales of Independent Behavior

The most frequently occurring permanently disabling birth defect, characterized by an abnormal opening in the spinal column, is called

spina bifida

A curriculum focusing on augmentative communication and assistive technology is most likely used with

multiple and severe disabilties

Diana vs. State Board of Education, Larry P.vs Riles, and Lau vs. Nichols all addressed the issue of?

non-discriminatory assessment

in order to identify a student with a learning disability most examiners are concerned with a discrepancy between

ability and achievement with ability being higher than acheivement

Does IDEA 04 require IEP's for students 21 or younger?

no

Hudson vs Rowley determined that "appropriate education" means that

learners with disabilities have opportunities to achieve commensurate with their peers

In a full-inclusion model services to students with disabilities are available in

general education classrooms

from a functional perspective deafness is related to difficulties with the ability to

hear and understand speech

Many students with disabilities receive social skills instruction because...

social skills are crucial to success in inclusive education

According to a behavioral classroom management model, if a student exhibits an inappropriate behavior, the teacher should

reinforce an appropriate but incompatible behavior

In a full-inclusion model the special education teacher & the general education teacher

share the responsibility for the students education

A 10 th grader receiving direct instruction in decoding skills to facilitate the recognition of high-frequency words is getting?

a remedial approach

The most likely reason to adminster a Woodcock Johnson would be to test for

learning disabilities

In order to meet the needs of an infant or toddler with disabilities

IFSP

Does direct instruction involve student to student interaction?

no

augmentative communciation

What is the broadest means of using technology for speech and language purposes

assistive technology

If a college bound student has the accommodation that he uses a tape recorder in english and a calculator in algebra II this is an example of

articulation

About 80% of all speech disorders are characterized by difficulties with

mental retardation

Most people with severe and multiple disabilities have a primary condition of

90%

Students with mild mental retardation make up what percentage of students with mental retardation

curriculum based assessment

Using objectives from the students work in class as a means to evaluate progress and adapt instruction is known as

yes

According to IDEA 2004 can a student with a disability who brings drugs or weapons to school be expelled?

no it goes in through other health impairments or a 504 plan

According to IDEA 2004 is ADD ADHD a separate disability catagory?

categorical approach

Placing students with same disabilities together for instruction purposes represents a

manipulating the antecedent stimulus

Two student who sat next to each other and distract one another then the teacher moves them and they stop talking...

related limitations in two or more areas of adaptive skills

In order to be identified as having mental retardation a child must demonstrate significantly sub average functioning and

contingency based self-management

Having students keeps track of their own behavior and then receive rewards for appropriate behavior is known as...

a student looking at other students to see what they are doing

What is indicative of a receptive language disorder?

early traumatic experiences

A psychoanalytic approach would explain behavior disorders as resulting from

direct instruction

A teacher who sets clear and explicit goals for each lesson, presents a logical sequence of tasks, gives clear directions on how to do eacht ask, engages the student in guided practice, asks frequent questions, gives feedback, and does not move on to the next task until the student masters the one at hand is using

teach a student with muscular dystrophy how to paint with a brush

a resource room teacher would be most likely to contact an OT to

learning disability

Almost 2/3rds of children with ADD or ADHD also have some kind of

50%

Students with learning disabilities account for what percent of children in special education

pre-referral screening and an in class observation

If parents are considering that their 4th grade student may need special education services the first step would be to do a

have the teacher never give instructions when facing the board

When a child with mild hearing loss cannot understand teacher directions the first step should be to

try to find appropriate content at grade level

If a 5th grade student is getting frustrated in social studies because he still reads at a third grade level, what should the teacher do?

IDEA 2004 non-discriminatory assessment

If a spanish student is tested in english for his WICS-VI his parents can contest the results on the basis of

having them practice filing out job applications

What would be an appropriate task for high school students with mild mental retardation?

negative reinforcement

Which deals with removing aversives negative reinforcement of negative consequences

ecological

Which perspective attributes emotional and behavioral disorders to poor interaction with the environment in which the student and environment affect each other reciprocally and advocates interventions using the entire social system

group contingency contracting

all the members of a group must achieve a certain goal before any member of the group receives a reward is an example of a

mental retardation

The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales would most likely be an example of

an individualized transition plan

plans that goals and objectives including future employment, independent living, and adult services for students 14 years and older are know as

zero reject

The principle of 2004 that will not let you suspend a student if his behavior is a function of his disability is known as

whole language

the approach to reading instruction which uses students language and experiences and in which reading is taught a meaning-oriented integrated activity rather than a collection of separate skills is known as a

functional skills, social skills, career skills

a 14 year old boy with mild autism would have what in his curriculum

duration recording

a girl who has long temper tantrums needs to have her behavior observed in what way for a baseline assessment

subaverage intellectual functioning, deficits in two or more areas of adaptive behavior, and manifestation during the developmental period

name three components of the AAMR definition of mental retardation

learned helplessness

A phenomena in which students with disabilities think they fail no harder they try is called

executive functioning

metacognition is connected to

yes

Is inviting every single teacher to an IEP meeting something that will put parents at ease

Council for Exceptional Children

An organization that was founded in 1922 to advocate for all children with disabilities is called the

developmental

the approach that categorizes exceptionality as the statistical degree to which an individual deviates from the average in terms of cognitive,social-emotional, and physical abilities is called

a hearing aid

A student with mild conductive loss is most likely to make use of a

hearing loss makes effects language development through reading, writing

How does deafness connect to IDEA?

hearing loss that was present at birth

What does congenital hearing loss mean?

hearing loss that happened after birth

What is acquired hearing loss?

it directly stimulates the auditory nerve

What does a cochlear implant do?

an audiometer

What instrument do we use to test hearing?

Stanford 9

what is the standard achievement test for deaf students?

loop systems, closed-caption technology and computers

three examples of supplemental aides for death students

the Cummins model

A model used with ESL and deaf students