ANAT 100- Module 4 - Muscular System Cont.

Muscles that attach the axial skeleton to the pectoral girdle (shoulder)

Anteriorly

- pectoralis minor

- serratus anterior

Posteriorly

- trapezius

Pectorals Minor

- directly below the pectorals major

serratus anterior

trapezius

Muscles that attach the axial skeleton to the Arm (Humerus)

- pectoralis major (anterior)

- latissimus dorsi (Posterior)

Pectorals Major

- flexes the humerus

latissimus dorsi

- extends the humerus

Muscles that attach the pectoral girdle to the humerus

- the deltoid muscle

- rotator cuff muscles (subscapularis, suprespinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor)

deltoid muscles

- main superficial muscle that move the humerus and stabilizes the glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint)

- abducts the arm (moves it away from the midline of the body)

4 rotator cuff muscles

- stabilize the glenohumeral joint

(subscapularis, suprapinatus, infrapinatus, teres minor)

Muscles that move the forearm (arm muscles)

- biceps brachii

- triceps brachii

biceps brachii

- flexes the forearm

- also a powerful supinator of the forearm

triceps brachii

- extends the forearm

muscles that move the wrist (forearm muscles)

(in anatomical position)

Anterior

- flexor carpi radialis

- flexor carpi ulnaris

Posterior

- extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi brevus

- extensor carpi ulnaris

flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris

- anterior (anatomical position)

- flex the wrist

- have origins on the medial epicondyle of the humerus

- ulnaris is on pinky side, radius is on thumb side)

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

- posterior

- extend the wrist

- origin is on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

SAME FUNCTION AS THE EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS

extensor carpi ulnaris

- posterior

- extend the wrist

- origin is on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

SAME FUNCTION AS THE EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS

Muscles that move the thigh

Anterior

- Iliopsoas muscle

posterior

- 3 gluteal muscles

Iliopsoas muscle

- flexes the thigh

Gluteal muscles

gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

- extend the thigh

LOOK AT IMAGES IN NOTES

Muscles that move the leg

anterior

- sartorius

- quadriceps

medial

- adductors

Posterior

- hamstring muscles

Sartorius and Quadricep muscles

- anterior

- work together to extend the knee

Sartorius

- crosses the hop and knee, acting to flex both these joints

the quadriceps muscles

- solely acts on the knee, as they originate below the hip joint

- the 4 muscles by the sartorius

adductors

- medial

- move the thigh medially (inwards)

hamstring muscles

- posteriorly

- act to extend the hip and flex the knee

Muscles that move the foot and ankle

anterior

- tibialis anterior muscle

lateral

- peroneus (fiburalirs) Longus Muscles

Posterior

- gastrocnemius

- soleus

Tibialis Anterior Muscle

- anterior

- extends the foot (dorsiflexion)

dorsiflexion

extending the foot

Peroneus (fibularis) longus muscle

- laterally

- everts the foot (soles face outward)

eversion movement

- soles of feet facing outwards

gastocnemius and soleus

- posterior

- flex the foot (plantar flexion)

- the soleus is directly below the gastrocnemius

- they insert together to form the achilles tendon