C1.2/3 Cell respiration/Photosynthesis

Which of the following is an important enzyme involved in the fixation of carbon dioxide?

Rubisco

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?

The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are used to power the light-independent reactions.

During the light-dependent reactions, which option is an immediate consequence of the absorption of photons by the photosystem?

Excitation of electrons

Which molecule is reduced by photosystem I during photosynthesis?

NADP+

Which of the following is responsible for ATP production by chemiosmosis in thylakoids?

Electron transport chain

What is an important consequence of the generation of oxygen by photolysis of water in photosystem II?

The changing of the composition of gases in Earth's atmosphere

Where are photosystem arrays, such as photosystem II, embedded?

In the plasma membrane of chloroplasts

What is an advantage of different arrangements of pigment molecules in a photosystem within a leaf?

An increased probability of capturing light energy

Which of the following properties can affect the absorption of light by a pigment like chlorophyll?

The colour of the pigment.

What is the main difference between absorption and action spectra?

Action spectra show the wavelengths of light that activate photosynthesis, absorption spectra display the wavelengths of light absorbed by a pigment.

From which of the following processes does reduced NAD originate in cell respiration?

Krebs cycle

What is the final product of the Krebs cycle?

Carbon dioxide, ATP, and reduced coenzymes

What is the purpose of the link reaction in aerobic cell respiration?

To convert pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

What is the final product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?

Ethanol and carbon dioxide

What is the purpose of converting pyruvate to lactate during anaerobic cell respiration?

To regenerate NAD

During cell respiration, what is the role of NAD?

NAD accepts hydrogen from a substrate

Which of the following factors can affect the rate of cell respiration?

Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration.

How can the rate of cellular respiration be determined in an experiment?

By measuring the amount of oxygen consumed or carbon dioxide produced over time.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the energy changes involved in the interconversion between ATP and ADP?

Energy is released when ATP is hydrolysed to ADP and phosphate, while energy is required to synthesise ATP from ADP and phosphate.

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the role of ATP in cellular processes?

ATP is a short-term energy storage molecule that can be used for thousands of tasks in the cell.

Which of the following metabolic pathways is a linear process?

Glycolysis

What is the name of the enzyme that is involved in the carboxylation of RuBP?

Rubisco

Name one product of the light-dependent reactions which is not needed for the light-independent reactions.

oxygen

Name the process that generates electrons for use in the light-dependent reactions.

photolysis

What is the function of the acetone used in paper chromatography to separate photosynthetic pigments?

It dissolves pigments, allowing them to travel up the paper strip.

Which of the following enzymes is involved in the light-dependent reactions?

ATP synthase

Which of the following is needed in order to regenerate RuBP?

Phosphate groups

Which of the following processes is not part of the light-dependent reactions?

Carbon fixation

Which of the following is not true about light-dependent reactions?

Take place in the stroma.

Which of the following is true about the limiting factors of photosynthesis?

The rate of photosynthesis is directly proportional to light intensity up to a certain point.

Which statement is an inaccurate representation of chromatography?

Although both have the same type of stationary phase, thin layer chromatography uses a different principle than paper chromatography.

Which of the following equations represents photolysis?

2H2O + photons → 4e- + 4H+ + O2

Which of the following equations represents photosynthesis?

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Which of the following is an enzyme involved in the fixation of CO2 in chloroplasts?

Rubisco

Which option is correct when comparing the Krebs cycle with the Calvin cycle ?

The Krebs cycle requires Acetyl CoA and reduces NAD and the Calvin cycle requires CO2 and oxidises NADPH

What is required for mitochondrial ATP production?

Accumulation of protons in the intermembrane space.

In glycolysis, glucose is broken down to produce two molecules of pyruvate. Which of the following processes is not part of glycolysis?

Reduction of a triose

Which of the following is correct about cellular respiration?

Cellular respiration is the gradual and controlled release of energy by breaking down organic compounds to produce ATP.

Which of the following is not a product of glycolysis?

Acetyl CoA

Which of the following is a key component required for the synthesis of acetyl-CoA?

Pyruvic acid

Where precisely in the cell do the reactions of the Krebs cycle take place?

The Krebs cycle takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria.

What is chemiosmosis?

Protons moving down a concentration gradient into the matrix.

Which term is used to describe the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur?

Activation energy

What is the correct sequence of chemicals produced in the anaerobic respiration pathway?

glucose → pyruvate → lactate