Phoenicia & Military Empires

Social studies quiz friday

Beginning date-end date (ph)

1500-500

Headquarters of phoenicia

Lebanon, Syria

Important cities

Byblos, Tyre, Sidon

obstacles that the geography/terrain played on the Phoenicians?

No fertile soil. The land was mountainous, which wouldn’t have been easy to travel over. Bad for agriculture.

What did the Phoenicians “direct” throughout the Mediterranean

Trade

What is a definition of the term “trade route”?

• a path or network used by merchants to transport and exchange goods, services, and ideas between different regions or countries

Define the term “colony”

• a country or area under the political control of another country, usually one overseas

What was the main/greatest colony of Phoenicia located on the northern coast of Africa?

Carthage

Which modern-day countries did the Phoenicians “distribute” their goods to?

Lebanon, israel, syria, Italy France Spain

how were they able to get to places around the Mediterranean?

They built round boats and used them to sail around the mediterranean

What was the most sought-out trade good of the Phoenicians?

Purple Dye

What was an additional trade product of the Phoenicians? #1

Cedar wood

What was an additional trade product of the Phoenicians? #2

Glass

Besides products, what else do you think the Phoenicians “traded” with other groups of people around the Mediterranean TIC

technology ideas culture

How did the Phoenicians create their purple dye - what was the process?

Answer: they squeezed Murex snail glands. It took 60,000 snails to make 1lb of dye →initially yellow and then turns purple

Why do you think this product was valuable and expensive?

Answer: it was expensive because it took a lot of snails to make a little dye, so it was very time consuming and used up a lot of snails+time

What could the Phoenicians make/do with this product?

• Answer: They could dye cloth with it, and trade the cloth or the dye for high prices.

What groups/social classes/civilizations wanted this product and WHY?

• Answer:  Rulers and really wealthy people wanted it because it showed they had money, so it was sort of the equivalent to buying a mansion or a lamborghini to show off. The color also looked really regal. → “Royal Purple”

From prior knowledge about the Phoenicians, why do you think the country of Lebanon developed this flag?

• Answer: Because cedars were important to the phoenicians and they wanted to honor their past. → History

As merchants, why did the Phoenicians need a system of writing?

• ANSWER: to record transactions

The Phoenician writing system was phonetic - what does this mean?

• one symbol stands for one sound

What did the Phoenicians do with the alphabet as trading with groups around the Mediterranean?

 introduced it to other groups

After learning about the Phoenician alphabet, what changes did the Greeks make to it?

• they changed the forms and added vowels

When a group of people use an idea or technology from another group of people, what is that called?

Cultural diffusion

With a simplified______,_______ was now ________ to more groups of people

alphabet, learning, accessible

What qualities must you possess as a leader in order to successfully create then govern an empire

Thinking question-mentally stop and think

What characteristics must your army possess?

Thinking question

Pretending you are the leader, how will you make the army listen to/fight for you?

food glory respect, money, healthcare housing, both/either back then and now.

what could be some factors why your empire could fail over time and eventually collapse

—>this is ok to skip and just think

• To big to control

• - Too spread apart

• - Bad leadership

• - Not enough resources 

• - Overtaken by another empire

• - Can’t keep up with society

• -Natural disasters

• Losing alliances

• Revolts/ civil wars

Hittite main characteristic

superior chariots and iron technology

Assyrian empire

maintained power through fear and violence. Most feared warriors of all time.

Assyrian Stella fact

made worlds first library

Assyrian tech

Advanced military with battering rams, cavalry, siege towers and more

Neo-babylonians

Caravans, and hanging gardens.

NB leadership

nebachudnezzar

Persian - RR, conquered, homeland, T and D.

royal road, conquered 2/3 of the known world, iran, ruled through tolerance and diplomacy.

What are the main characteristics of an empire