Skin Infections

Acne Vulgaris

Propionibacterium Acnes

Clogging of pores/hair follicles with sebum and dead cells, followed by bacteria multiplication, forming papules and pustules.

Cystic Acne

severe form by painful pustules and cause scarring

Gas Gangrene

Clostridium Perfringens

Clostridial myonecrosis

Rapid destruction of muscle and tissues by necrotizing exotoxins, tissues painful, brownish-black foul smell.

Entry of spores from soil into open wound

(soil)

What does bacteria do in Gas Gangrene

release gases that accumulate in tissues causing it to compress against blood vesses.

Palpable Crepitus

Cracking or popping sound on touching the infected tissue due to presence of gas

Hansen’s Disease (Leprosy)

Mycobacterium Leprae

(Armadillo /humans)

Inhalation of infected respiratory secretions (close contact)

Touching/handling infected armadillo or eating meat.

Skin Leprosy

Patchy discoloration, painless nodules(face/earlobes)/ulcers(soles) and loss of features (eyelash/eyebrows)

Mucous membrane Leprosy

Nasal congestion and epistaxis (nosebleed)

Peripheral Nerves Leprosy

Numbness, burning, muscle weakness or paralysis

Limbs (Severe) Leprosy

Shortening of fingers/toes

Anthrax

Bacillus Anthracis

Bioterrorism potential

(Soil/Humans) In wool and hides

Cutaneous Anthrax

Depressed black lesions (eschars) on skin where spores entered through a cut or abrasion

Inhalation Anthrax

Begin flu-like symp, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, and death. People who sort wood- Wool-sorters disease

GI Anthrax

Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea/ dysentery, death (cont meat)

Injection Anthrax

Redness/Swelling, no eschar, multiple organ failure, death

Staphylococcal Skin Infection

Staphylococcus Aureus

Folliculitis, Hordeolum, Furuncle, Carbuncle.

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)

Caused by exotoxin-producting strains

Fever, malaise, redness, fluid filled blisters, peeling epidermis over large parts of body.

High risk: Under 5 yrs, immunocompromised

Person to person direct contact'

Hands on healthcare workers

MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphy Aureus) strains are antibiotic resistant

Streptococcal skin infection

Streptococcus pyogens

Scarlet Fever (Fever, sore throat, rash in neck, axilla, groin, bright red rash) from macular to papular and resolves in a week

(Humans)

Inhalation of infected secretions, contact soiled articles

Necrotizing Fasciitis (Flesh eating)

Exoenzyme producing strain

Red, warm, blistered skin, severed pain, fever

Rapid destruction of soft tissue, surgery - debridement.

(human)

entry of bacteria through breaks in skin cuts, burns, wounds

S. pyogenes

Propionibacterium Acnes

Anaerobic

Gram +, bacilli

Gram -

Pink

Necrotoxin

A toxin that kills cells

Clostridium Perfringens

Clostridial myonecrosis

Anaerobes Bacteroides

Gram + or Gram-variable bacilli

spore forming

Untreated Strep throat

Strep Throat (s. pyogenes)

Scarlet Fever (erythrogenic toxin)

Rheumatic fever

Glomerulonephritis

S. Pyogenes

B-hemolytic, catalase -

Gram + coccus in chains

S. Aureus

Gram + coccus

Mycobacterium Leprae

Acid-fast bacilli

Bacillus Anthracis

Gram + Bacilli

Encapsulated spore forming