Years of Significance Cause and Effect

Emancipation Proclamation

1863

Cause:

Politically needed a victory in the East, Battle of Antietam Maryland

The South had to withdraw but the Union didn’t flat out lose. The South had almost 22,000 casualties.

Dred Scot Case was a problem because back people did not have citizenship and that slaves were property.

5th Amendment protection of private property.

Effect:

Was a brilliant political document saying that slave people in rebellious and confederate held states were free. It did not apply to Delaware, Missouri, Kentucky or Maryland because they were loyal to the Union.

Made the war about ending slavery

England was hesitant supporting the confederacy because they outlawed slavery.

People escaping enslavement seek out Union army (they were on the road and were free so they joined)

Economic disruption in the South

Set the 13th Amendment end slavery (race based) but can be used for a punishment of a crime.

Battle of Vicksburg

May 18 - July 4 1863

Cause:

Anaconda Plan

Blockade the Atlantic and Golf Coast with Union Army

Capture Confederate capital which was Richmond Virginia

Fain control of Mississippi River the highway of comerece

Effect:

General Grant success gets attention from Lincoln “he will fight” means that they need a general who will send bodies north and so the union can go home

South ran out of supplies and it harmed them. Control of the Mississippi

War of Attrition: wanted to wear them out

Annexation of West Virginia

June 30, 1863

Cause: King Cotton

Frontier vs. Elite mountaineers did not own slaves. “Rich man’s war, poor mans fight”

The 20 Negro Law

Effect:

Virginia loses a significant segment of fighting age population.

It had severely weakened the Army of Virginia (Confederacy) war of Attrition favored the Inion. It was whoever could fight the war the longest and they had the stuff

The battle had shocked the Northern population is it worth it?

New York Draft Riots

July 1863

Cause

Conscription Act: required men to enlist in the Union army 300 to buy out

Rich mans War, poor mans fight

Not willing to fight “Mr Lincol'n’s war”

Racism

Effect: Blacks blamed blacks for war and targeted them

orphanages homes burned

Martial Law in NYC use the Union army and NAVy to restore order

Criticm of Lincoln that he was becoming a dictator

Election of 1864: It was looking like he was going to lose.

2nd Battle of Fort Wagner

1863

Cause: needed to capture the part of Charleston, South Carolina.

Land assault only possible from coastal approach (head on)

54th Amendment in South Carolina (First black regiment)

• Volunteer to lead an attack

• actually made it to the fort

Effect:

54th Massachusetts bravery and courage had spread the word.

Congress authorized 180,000 troops. All states will raise a black regiment

Lincoln will credit these men with turning the tide of the war for the Union.

Gettysburg Address

1863

Cause

Cost at the battle of Gettysburg

• 51,000 dead

• with our own eyes horrors of war

Created doubt about fi Washington was really safe

13th Amendment Ended race based slavery and was in danger of not getting passed out of Congress bc of Washington DC

Effect:

Recast the region of the war. Making it a much bigger issue for the survival of the Nation

revived the cost of the war. The dead will not die in vain, the living will continue forward.

Re envision the purpose of the war. talking about the plantation and North

Why the 13th amendment is necessary