Review of Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology

Flashcards created from lecture notes to help students review key concepts for their upcoming exam.

What are the three components of nucleotides?

Nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate.

What are the two broad types of nucleic acids?

DNA and RNA

What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T)

What are the nitrogenous bases in RNA?

Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Uracil (U)

What is the structure of DNA?

Double helix

What is the structure of RNA?

Single stranded

What pentose sugar is found in DNA?

Deoxyribose

What pentose sugar is found in RNA?

Ribose

What are the three types of RNA?

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA)

What is the function of mRNA?

Serves as a disposable copy of genes to be translated into polypeptides.

What is the function of tRNA?

Helps in translation by bringing amino acids to the ribosome for polypeptide building.

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

DNA is transcribed into RNA (mRNA), which is then translated into a polypeptide, which will eventually become a protein.

Which class of biomolecules do not form polymers?

Lipids

Where can students find readable articles about catalase?

Look up catalase and cancer.