Eastern Independence & Nationalism

Ahimsa

Ahimsa

Concept of non violent revolution- Power of love could convert wrongdoers

Amritsar

Aprul 1919: Location of a shooting of 1000+ casualities by British due to a peaceful protest→ Set the scene for independence

British Rule of India

Bristish used India for resources but provided many contributions

• Democratic Government

• System of Laws

• Railroad transportation

• Stable economy

• Modern cities + technology

• Healthcare + education

Civil Disobedience

Refusal to obey unjust laws- Most siginficiant example in India indepences=Salt March and Quit India Moement

Dhoti

Part of Gandhi’s Home Spun Movement- Make own cloth and clothes to encourage traditional values and culture

Gandhi

Main figure in working for India’s independence→ Used non violent resistance to achive equal rights for all Indians

• Ahimsa

• Civil disobdeience

• Boycotts/Protests

Indian Independence

Gandhi creates the Quit India Movement (1942)

• Indians were told to now follow laws set by Britian

Movement is succesful→August 15, 1947: India (Hindu) and Pakistan (Muslim) gain independence

Salt March

A 23 day march from Gandhis home to the ocean with thousands of participants. Protests take salt from ocean and sell it (against British Laws)

Gandhi and National Congress arearrested after planning to take over salt works owned by British

Cultural Revolution

A domestic revolution made by Mao to achieve an equal society following the Great Leap Forward

• Uses children to spread the message of Mao and true communism with the Little Red Book

• Children purge society causing China to shut down

• Overall a great failure

Great Leap Forward

Mao’s method to create an economy comparible to USSR and US in 30 years

Uses methods like 5 year plans to devolop modern societys

• Villages become communes (Collectivization)

• Orginally has support of Chinese, but changes

• People forced to use poor tools due to Backyard Industries-Steel/tools made from handmade kilns during farming off seasons

Becomes an epic failure

• Mass Famine

• Harsh treament of citizens

• 20-56 million dead

Jiang Jieshi

Leader of the Guomindang, and opposed Mao’s communist party

• Defeated warlords in China

• Slaughted Communists and started The Long March

Invasion of Nanjing

‘Rape of Nanjing’

• Japan invades China during tenions of Communists and Guomindang

• Cultural City of Nanjing was destory and citizens were murded, tortured, and treated brutally

Little Red Book

Book of Mao’s sayings that was used in the Cultural Reovlution

Mao Zedong

Leader of the Communist party who created the Great Leeap Forward and Cultural Revolution

Treatly peasants fairly to gain popularity

May Fourth Movement

Following the Treaty of Versailles and was led by women and students

• Wanted to strengthen and modernize China by abondoning old traditions and stopping inperialism

• Suppored Non-Western Ideas as West was imperalising China

Manchurian Incident

A group of Japanese army officers create a fake bombing to accuse China of attacking Japan- Japan military attacked China without government permission as Manchuria had lots of resources

• Conquered entire territory and was confronted by League of Nations; Japan leaves LOG

Bushido Code

“Way of the samurai”→ Following tradition Japanese values

Japanese Militarism

Military takes over prvious government w/ ultranationalists

• Crack down on socialist ideas, ended democratic freedoms

• Reived ancient warrior values + cult around emperor

• Spread nationalist messages to kids

• Increase forgien influence

• Join Axis Powers in WWII

Japanese Ultranationalist

Extreme Nationalists who supported forgien domination and blammed the West for economic issues Japan was facing

Russo- Japanese War

Japan wins war against Russia, getting credibility