CH 5 - TEXT

What does this mean: There always seems to be something that is not well describe…

There always seems to be something that is not well described, not well communicated, not well understood, not well documented, or not well thought out that somehow causes a problem at the most inopportune time.

True or False: There always seems to be something that is not well described, not well communicated, not well understood, not well documented, or not well thought out that somehow causes a problem at the most inopportune time.

TRUE

[blank] always seems to be something that is not well described, not well communicated, not well understood, not well documented, or not well thought out that somehow causes a problem at the most inopportune time.

There always seems to be something that is not well described, not well communicated, not well understood, not well documented, or not well thought out that somehow causes a problem at the most inopportune time.

What does this mean: A risk is often viewed as a problem that may occur. The prob…

A risk is often viewed as a problem that may occur. The probability of it materializing is greater than zero but not 100%. If the probability of its occurrence is 100%, then it is a problem. If the chance of it occurring is zero, then it will never occur and thus is not a risk.

True or False: A risk is often viewed as a problem that may occur. The probability of it materializing is greater than zero but not 100%. If the probability of its occurrence is 100%, then it is a problem. If the chance of it occurring is zero, then it will never occur and thus is not a risk.

TRUE

[blank] risk is often viewed as a problem that may occur. The probability of it materializing is greater than zero but not 100%. If the probability of its occurrence is 100%, then it is a problem. If the chance of it occurring is zero, then it will never occur and thus is not a risk.

A risk is often viewed as a problem that may occur. The probability of it materializing is greater than zero but not 100%. If the probability of its occurrence is 100%, then it is a problem. If the chance of it occurring is zero, then it will never occur and thus is not a risk.

What does this mean: A problem is something that has a negative value associated …

A problem is something that has a negative value associated with it.

True or False: A problem is something that has a negative value associated with it.

TRUE

[blank] problem is something that has a negative value associated with it.

A problem is something that has a negative value associated with it.

What does this mean: Thus a risk is defined as an uncertainty that has a negative…

Thus a risk is defined as an uncertainty that has a negative value associated with it. Risk: A problem that has a greater than 0% but less than 100% probability of occurrence. Problem: An event that has a negative value associated with it.

True or False: Thus a risk is defined as an uncertainty that has a negative value associated with it. Risk: A problem that has a greater than 0% but less than 100% probability of occurrence. Problem: An event that has a negative value associated with it.

TRUE

[blank] a risk is defined as an uncertainty that has a negative value associated with it. Risk: A problem that has a greater than 0% but less than 100% probability of occurrence. Problem: An event that has a negative value associated with it.

Thus a risk is defined as an uncertainty that has a negative value associated with it. Risk: A problem that has a greater than 0% but less than 100% probability of occurrence. Problem: An event that has a negative value associated with it.

What does this mean: Unforeseen uncertainties, such as losing a critical resource…

Unforeseen uncertainties, such as losing a critical resource or using an unreliable new technology in a software project, are examples of risks that bring the possibility of potentially worse risks, such as schedule slippage or cost overruns.

True or False: Unforeseen uncertainties, such as losing a critical resource or using an unreliable new technology in a software project, are examples of risks that bring the possibility of potentially worse risks, such as schedule slippage or cost overruns.

TRUE

[blank] uncertainties, such as losing a critical resource or using an unreliable new technology in a software project, are examples of risks that bring the possibility of potentially worse risks, such as schedule slippage or cost overruns.

Unforeseen uncertainties, such as losing a critical resource or using an unreliable new technology in a software project, are examples of risks that bring the possibility of potentially worse risks, such as schedule slippage or cost overruns.

What does this mean: The earlier these risks are handled, the better the chance o…

The earlier these risks are handled, the better the chance of project success. It is critical that any anticipatable risks be addressed as early as possible during the project planning phase.

True or False: The earlier these risks are handled, the better the chance of project success. It is critical that any anticipatable risks be addressed as early as possible during the project planning phase.

TRUE

[blank] earlier these risks are handled, the better the chance of project success. It is critical that any anticipatable risks be addressed as early as possible during the project planning phase.

The earlier these risks are handled, the better the chance of project success. It is critical that any anticipatable risks be addressed as early as possible during the project planning phase.

What does this mean: All risks need to be managed. During the project planning st…

All risks need to be managed. During the project planning stage we need to initiate the planning aspects of risk management. The phases and tasks related to risk management fold naturally into the general stages of POMA.

True or False: All risks need to be managed. During the project planning stage we need to initiate the planning aspects of risk management. The phases and tasks related to risk management fold naturally into the general stages of POMA.

TRUE

[blank] risks need to be managed. During the project planning stage we need to initiate the planning aspects of risk management. The phases and tasks related to risk management fold naturally into the general stages of POMA.

All risks need to be managed. During the project planning stage we need to initiate the planning aspects of risk management. The phases and tasks related to risk management fold naturally into the general stages of POMA.

What does this mean: Schedule overrun is one of the most often mentioned risks. A…

Schedule overrun is one of the most often mentioned risks. Another well-known risk in software development is quality.

True or False: Schedule overrun is one of the most often mentioned risks. Another well-known risk in software development is quality.

TRUE

[blank] overrun is one of the most often mentioned risks. Another well-known risk in software development is quality.

Schedule overrun is one of the most often mentioned risks. Another well-known risk in software development is quality.

What does this mean: The following list identifies some of the major sources of r…

The following list identifies some of the major sources of risks in software projects: overly optimistic assumptions about technology, misunderstanding methodologies, miscalculation of design constraints, misunderstanding customer requirements, uncontrolled continuous changes of customer requirements, unrealistic promises, inadequate due diligence with external sourcing, incompetence of key personnel, miscalculation of teamwork, unrealistic expectations about skilled resources.

True or False: The following list identifies some of the major sources of risks in software projects: overly optimistic assumptions about technology, misunderstanding methodologies, miscalculation of design constraints, misunderstanding customer requirements, uncontrolled continuous changes of customer requirements, unrealistic promises, inadequate due diligence with external sourcing, incompetence of key personnel, miscalculation of teamwork, unrealistic expectations about skilled resources.

TRUE

[blank] following list identifies some of the major sources of risks in software projects: overly optimistic assumptions about technology, misunderstanding methodologies, miscalculation of design constraints, misunderstanding customer requirements, uncontrolled continuous changes of customer requirements, unrealistic promises, inadequate due diligence with external sourcing, incompetence of key personnel, miscalculation of teamwork, unrealistic expectations about skilled resources.

The following list identifies some of the major sources of risks in software projects: overly optimistic assumptions about technology, misunderstanding methodologies, miscalculation of design constraints, misunderstanding customer requirements, uncontrolled continuous changes of customer requirements, unrealistic promises, inadequate due diligence with external sourcing, incompetence of key personnel, miscalculation of teamwork, unrealistic expectations about skilled resources.

What does this mean: Each project manager should perform a risk identification ac…

Each project manager should perform a risk identification activity, in which he or she lists the anticipatable risks associated with the project.

True or False: Each project manager should perform a risk identification activity, in which he or she lists the anticipatable risks associated with the project.

TRUE

[blank] project manager should perform a risk identification activity, in which he or she lists the anticipatable risks associated with the project.

Each project manager should perform a risk identification activity, in which he or she lists the anticipatable risks associated with the project.

What does this mean: First, list those characteristics of the product that may no…

First, list those characteristics of the product that may not be well defined. These items form the initial list of potential product-related risks.

True or False: First, list those characteristics of the product that may not be well defined. These items form the initial list of potential product-related risks.

TRUE

[blank] list those characteristics of the product that may not be well defined. These items form the initial list of potential product-related risks.

First, list those characteristics of the product that may not be well defined. These items form the initial list of potential product-related risks.

What does this mean: Second, list all unresolved issues for the tasks that will b…

Second, list all unresolved issues for the tasks that will be performed in conjunction with the software project.

True or False: Second, list all unresolved issues for the tasks that will be performed in conjunction with the software project.

TRUE

[blank] list all unresolved issues for the tasks that will be performed in conjunction with the software project.

Second, list all unresolved issues for the tasks that will be performed in conjunction with the software project.

What does this mean: Start by asking whether any process is defined, documented, …

Start by asking whether any process is defined, documented, and practiced in the organization. If not, then any process that has yet to be specified for the project would represent an untested entity for the team. As such, the process may be a risk. In addition, methodologies associated with the tasks and processes may be risks if not clearly defined, documented, and understood. Processes and methodologies are especially risky with new enabling technologies.

True or False: Start by asking whether any process is defined, documented, and practiced in the organization. If not, then any process that has yet to be specified for the project would represent an untested entity for the team. As such, the process may be a risk. In addition, methodologies associated with the tasks and processes may be risks if not clearly defined, documented, and understood. Processes and methodologies are especially risky with new enabling technologies.

TRUE

[blank] by asking whether any process is defined, documented, and practiced in the organization. If not, then any process that has yet to be specified for the project would represent an untested entity for the team. As such, the process may be a risk. In addition, methodologies associated with the tasks and processes may be risks if not clearly defined, documented, and understood. Processes and methodologies are especially risky with new enabling technologies.

Start by asking whether any process is defined, documented, and practiced in the organization. If not, then any process that has yet to be specified for the project would represent an untested entity for the team. As such, the process may be a risk. In addition, methodologies associated with the tasks and processes may be risks if not clearly defined, documented, and understood. Processes and methodologies are especially risky with new enabling technologies.

What does this mean: Third, identify risks associated with the management of reso…

Third, identify risks associated with the management of resources.

True or False: Third, identify risks associated with the management of resources.

TRUE

[blank] identify risks associated with the management of resources.

Third, identify risks associated with the management of resources.

What does this mean: The risks related to resources will differ depending on the …

The risks related to resources will differ depending on the type of resource. The associated risk may simply be the capacity or amount of these resources.

True or False: The risks related to resources will differ depending on the type of resource. The associated risk may simply be the capacity or amount of these resources.

TRUE

[blank] risks related to resources will differ depending on the type of resource. The associated risk may simply be the capacity or amount of these resources.

The risks related to resources will differ depending on the type of resource. The associated risk may simply be the capacity or amount of these resources.

What does this mean: In terms of tools, the risk may be related to the underlying…

In terms of tools, the risk may be related to the underlying technology or the quality of the acquired tool. Sometimes this risk may be the timeliness of the availability of the tool for the project.

True or False: In terms of tools, the risk may be related to the underlying technology or the quality of the acquired tool. Sometimes this risk may be the timeliness of the availability of the tool for the project.

TRUE

[blank] terms of tools, the risk may be related to the underlying technology or the quality of the acquired tool. Sometimes this risk may be the timeliness of the availability of the tool for the project.

In terms of tools, the risk may be related to the underlying technology or the quality of the acquired tool. Sometimes this risk may be the timeliness of the availability of the tool for the project.

What does this mean: Human resources represent an especially important type of re…

Human resources represent an especially important type of resource for software projects. Here risks may arise at all phases of the project, from recruitment to separation.

True or False: Human resources represent an especially important type of resource for software projects. Here risks may arise at all phases of the project, from recruitment to separation.

TRUE

[blank] resources represent an especially important type of resource for software projects. Here risks may arise at all phases of the project, from recruitment to separation.

Human resources represent an especially important type of resource for software projects. Here risks may arise at all phases of the project, from recruitment to separation.

What does this mean: All of these potential risk areas can result in failure to m…

All of these potential risk areas can result in failure to meet the schedule, poor product quality, incomplete deliverables, dissatisfied users, or a demoralized team.

True or False: All of these potential risk areas can result in failure to meet the schedule, poor product quality, incomplete deliverables, dissatisfied users, or a demoralized team.

TRUE

[blank] of these potential risk areas can result in failure to meet the schedule, poor product quality, incomplete deliverables, dissatisfied users, or a demoralized team.

All of these potential risk areas can result in failure to meet the schedule, poor product quality, incomplete deliverables, dissatisfied users, or a demoralized team.

What does this mean: For software project planning, that initial identification o…

For software project planning, that initial identification of risks may cover major categories: deliverables and product specifications, tasks and initial schedule, goals/metrics, human resources, processes and methodologies, tools and equipment.

True or False: For software project planning, that initial identification of risks may cover major categories: deliverables and product specifications, tasks and initial schedule, goals/metrics, human resources, processes and methodologies, tools and equipment.

TRUE

[blank] software project planning, that initial identification of risks may cover major categories: deliverables and product specifications, tasks and initial schedule, goals/metrics, human resources, processes and methodologies, tools and equipment.

For software project planning, that initial identification of risks may cover major categories: deliverables and product specifications, tasks and initial schedule, goals/metrics, human resources, processes and methodologies, tools and equipment.

What does this mean: While creating the initial risk list, project managers shoul…

While creating the initial risk list, project managers should encourage participation of as many people as possible, including peer groups and executives.

True or False: While creating the initial risk list, project managers should encourage participation of as many people as possible, including peer groups and executives.

TRUE

[blank] creating the initial risk list, project managers should encourage participation of as many people as possible, including peer groups and executives.

While creating the initial risk list, project managers should encourage participation of as many people as possible, including peer groups and executives.

What does this mean: After the risks are identified and an initial list created, …

After the risks are identified and an initial list created, additional analysis of these risks is needed. The next step is to prioritize the risks so as to better avoid them.

True or False: After the risks are identified and an initial list created, additional analysis of these risks is needed. The next step is to prioritize the risks so as to better avoid them.

TRUE

[blank] the risks are identified and an initial list created, additional analysis of these risks is needed. The next step is to prioritize the risks so as to better avoid them.

After the risks are identified and an initial list created, additional analysis of these risks is needed. The next step is to prioritize the risks so as to better avoid them.

What does this mean: All risks are uncertainties that may lead to negative outcom…

All risks are uncertainties that may lead to negative outcomes, but not all risks are equally important. Risks need to be prioritized.

True or False: All risks are uncertainties that may lead to negative outcomes, but not all risks are equally important. Risks need to be prioritized.

TRUE

[blank] risks are uncertainties that may lead to negative outcomes, but not all risks are equally important. Risks need to be prioritized.

All risks are uncertainties that may lead to negative outcomes, but not all risks are equally important. Risks need to be prioritized.

What does this mean: Risk prioritization: The activity of ordering risks based on…

Risk prioritization: The activity of ordering risks based on some criterion or criteria.

True or False: Risk prioritization: The activity of ordering risks based on some criterion or criteria.

TRUE

[blank] prioritization: The activity of ordering risks based on some criterion or criteria.

Risk prioritization: The activity of ordering risks based on some criterion or criteria.

What does this mean: To prioritize risks, the negative values must be measured wi…

To prioritize risks, the negative values must be measured with a normalized metric that can be ordered.

True or False: To prioritize risks, the negative values must be measured with a normalized metric that can be ordered.

TRUE

[blank] prioritize risks, the negative values must be measured with a normalized metric that can be ordered.

To prioritize risks, the negative values must be measured with a normalized metric that can be ordered.

What does this mean: One approach is to assign risks to ordered categories based …

One approach is to assign risks to ordered categories based on recovery cost.

True or False: One approach is to assign risks to ordered categories based on recovery cost.

TRUE

[blank] approach is to assign risks to ordered categories based on recovery cost.

One approach is to assign risks to ordered categories based on recovery cost.

What does this mean: Recovery cost: The cost in effort or financial expense to so…

Recovery cost: The cost in effort or financial expense to solve a problem should a risk materialize.

True or False: Recovery cost: The cost in effort or financial expense to solve a problem should a risk materialize.

TRUE

[blank] cost: The cost in effort or financial expense to solve a problem should a risk materialize.

Recovery cost: The cost in effort or financial expense to solve a problem should a risk materialize.

What does this mean: Risk prioritization can differ by organization….

Risk prioritization can differ by organization.

True or False: Risk prioritization can differ by organization.

TRUE

[blank] prioritization can differ by organization.

Risk prioritization can differ by organization.

What does this mean: Recovery cost prioritization is simple and easy to apply, bu…

Recovery cost prioritization is simple and easy to apply, but perceived cost may itself be inaccurate and thus a risk.

True or False: Recovery cost prioritization is simple and easy to apply, but perceived cost may itself be inaccurate and thus a risk.

TRUE

[blank] cost prioritization is simple and easy to apply, but perceived cost may itself be inaccurate and thus a risk.

Recovery cost prioritization is simple and easy to apply, but perceived cost may itself be inaccurate and thus a risk.

What does this mean: A simple high/medium/low prioritization scheme is not very d…

A simple high/medium/low prioritization scheme is not very descriptive.

True or False: A simple high/medium/low prioritization scheme is not very descriptive.

TRUE

[blank] simple high/medium/low prioritization scheme is not very descriptive.

A simple high/medium/low prioritization scheme is not very descriptive.

What does this mean: One alternative is to increase the number of recovery cost c…

One alternative is to increase the number of recovery cost categories, thereby refining prioritization.

True or False: One alternative is to increase the number of recovery cost categories, thereby refining prioritization.

TRUE

[blank] alternative is to increase the number of recovery cost categories, thereby refining prioritization.

One alternative is to increase the number of recovery cost categories, thereby refining prioritization.

What does this mean: Another variation is to use numerical categories (1–10), whe…

Another variation is to use numerical categories (1–10), where either 1 or 10 is highest priority.

True or False: Another variation is to use numerical categories (1–10), where either 1 or 10 is highest priority.

TRUE

[blank] variation is to use numerical categories (1–10), where either 1 or 10 is highest priority.

Another variation is to use numerical categories (1–10), where either 1 or 10 is highest priority.

What does this mean: This numerical scheme allows quantification of risk (e.g., r…

This numerical scheme allows quantification of risk (e.g., risk 7 is two units higher than risk 5).

True or False: This numerical scheme allows quantification of risk (e.g., risk 7 is two units higher than risk 5).

TRUE

[blank] numerical scheme allows quantification of risk (e.g., risk 7 is two units higher than risk 5).

This numerical scheme allows quantification of risk (e.g., risk 7 is two units higher than risk 5).

What does this mean: A risk with priority 6 may be considered twice as important …

A risk with priority 6 may be considered twice as important as priority 3.

True or False: A risk with priority 6 may be considered twice as important as priority 3.

TRUE

[blank] risk with priority 6 may be considered twice as important as priority 3.

A risk with priority 6 may be considered twice as important as priority 3.

What does this mean: Each increment = (L - S)/Z, where Z is the number of priorit…

Each increment = (L - S)/Z, where Z is the number of priority levels.