Chapter 27: The Sixties

Medicare

________ and Medicaid would ensure access to quality medical care for the aged and poor.

Geneva Peace Conference

On the eve of the ________ in 1954, Viet Minh forces defeated the French army at Dien Bien Phu, temporarily dividing Vietnam into two separate states until UN- monitored elections occurred.

US Marines

________ landed in Vietnam in March 1965, and the American ground war began.

Progress

________ was not measured by cities won or territory taken but by body counts and kill ratios.

Bloody Sunday

________ featured peaceful protesters attacked by white law enforcement with batons and tear gas.

Huey Newton

In 1966, ________ and Bobby Seale formed the Black Panther Party in Oakland, California.

Montgomery

In March 1965, activists attempted to march from Selma to ________, Alabama, on behalf of local African American voting rights.

Washington

In August 1963, civil rights leaders organized the March on ________.

James Meredith

In October 1962, ________ became the first African American student to enroll at the University of Mississippi and the backlash prompted JFK to send it US Marshals and the National Guard.

France

Between 1946 and 1954, ________ fought a counterinsurgency campaign against the nationalist Viet Minh forces led by Ho Chi Minh.

Soviet Union

The ________ backed many nationalist movements across the globe, but the United States feared the expansion of communist influence and pledged to confront any revolutions aligned against Western capitalism.

American involvement

________ in the Vietnam War began during the postwar period of decolonization.

Domino Theory

The ________ (the idea that if a country fell to communism, then neighboring states would soon follow) governed American foreign policy.

1965

In ________, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act was the first sustained and significant federal investment in public education.

President Johnson

In 1964, ________ laid out a sweeping vision for a package of domestic reforms known as the Great Society.

1964

In ________, the USS Maddox reported incoming fire from North Vietnamese ships in the Gulf of Tonkin.

public accommodations

The comprehensive act barred segregation in ________ and outlawed discrimination based on race, ethnicity, gender, and national or religious origin.

SCLC

In April and May, the ________ organized the Birmingham Campaign, a broad campaign of direct action aiming to topple segregation in Alabamas largest city.

Johnson administration

The ________ used the event to provide a pretext for escalating American involvement in Vietnam.

Civil Rights Acts

The ________, the Voting Rights Acts, and the War on Poverty provoked conservative resistance and were catalysts for the rise of Republicans in the South and West.

Malcolm X

The differences between King and ________ represented a core ideological tension that would inhabit Black political thought throughout the 1960s and 1970s.

Native Americans

________, Chicanos, women, and environmentalists participated in movements demonstrating that rights activism could be applied to ethnicity, gender, and nature.

communist takeover of China

After the ________ in 1949, the United States financially supported the French militarys effort to retain control over its colonies in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.

Chicano movement

The ________ in the 1960s emerged out of the broader Mexican American civil rights movement of the post- World War II era.

Vice President Lyndon Johnson

________ lacked Kennedys youth, his charisma, his popularity, and his aristocratic upbringing, but no one knew Washington better and no one before or since fought harder and more successfully to pass meaningful civil rights legislation.

Schoolhouse Door

In June 1963, just five months after becoming governor, in his "Stand in the ________, "Wallace famously stood in the door of Foster Auditorium to protest integration at the University of Alabama.

political equality

The 1970 protest focused on employment discrimination, ________, abortion, free childcare, and equality in marriage.

Malcolm X

Prior to his death in 1965, ________ and the NOI emerged as the radical alternative to the racially integrated, largely Protestant approach of Martin Luther King Jr.

Bay of Pigs invasion

The _____________________ was when the Us tried to invade Cuba in the early 1960s and failed

Cuban Missile Crisis

The ___________________ was an international crisis when American deployments of missiles in Italy and Turkey were matched by Soviet deployments of similar ballistic missiles in Cuba

Freedom Rides

The _______________ were organized interstate bus rides following a Supreme Court decision outlawing segregation on public buses and trains

Battle of Ole Miss

The __________________ was a clash between segregationists and US Marshals/National Guard in the middle of University of Mississippi in response to the enrollment of their first African American student

Birmingham Campaign

The ___________________ was a broad campaign of direct action aiming to topple segregation in Alabama’s largest city using business boycotts, sit-ins, and peaceful marches

Stand in the Schoolhouse Door

In his "__________________________" conservative governor George Wallace famously stood in the door of Foster Auditorium to protest integration at the University of Alabama

Civil rights legislation, school integration, an end to discrimination by public and private employers, job training for the unemployed, and a raise in the minimum wage

What did the civil rights leaders at the March on Washington call for?

"I Have A Dream"

MLK's _________________ speech is an internationally renowned call for civil rights that raised the movement’s profile to new heights and put unprecedented pressure on politicians to pass meaningful civil rights legislation

Civil Rights Act of 1964

The ________________ was a comprehensive act barring segregation in public accommodations and outlawing discrimination based on race, ethnicity, gender, and national or religious origin

Voting Rights Act of 1965

The ______________________________ abolished voting discrimination in federal, state, and local elections

Great Society

The ____________________ was a package of domestic reforms that were supposed to uplift racially and economically disfranchised Americans

Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965

The __________________________ abolished the quota regime

Medicaid and Medicare

______________________ and _________________ ensured access to quality medical care for the aged and poor

Elementary and Secondary Education Act

The __________________ was the first sustained and significant federal investment in public education