Art History quiz 1

Relief Carving

Shallowly carved narrative sculpture

Hierarchical Scale

the importance of subjects is based on their size and/or position

Stele

stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide. Commemorative

Hellenism

admiration for / imitation of the ideas, style, or culture of classical Greek civilization

Iconography

Religious images were believed to have miraculous origins, so the artist’s job was to copy them as closely as possible. Deviation and innovation were heretical.

Silk Road

4,000 mile network of trade routes that connected Eastern and Western Eurasia, allowing transfer of goods, ideas, and aesthetics from 200 BCE – 1500s AD

Arabesque

Rhythmic linear patterns of scrolling and interlacing lines in Islamic art: repetition shows the infinite nature of God.

Tenniel

Dore

Audubon

Rosetti

Morris

Grandville

Nast

Beardsley

Egyptian

Nok Sculpture

Celtic

Iconography

Illuminated Manuscript

Illumination- Carpet Page

Persian Miniature

Gothic

Renaissance

Baroque

Rococo

Neoclassicism

Japanese Woodblock

PRB

Special Correspondents

Lithograph - soft, expressive linework directly by the artis

Woodcut (or wood engraving) – bold, harsh lines, no gradation

Copperplate Engraving –
finely detailed linework,
subtle gradation

Logogram

a sign or character representing a word or phrase, used in Mesoamerican art

Gutenberg Press

Developed in 1440, dramatically sped up reproduction time for books; the beginning of the end of Illuminated Manuscripts

Industrial Revolution

1850. Beginning of life based on commerce, mass production, and
materialism instead of spiritual & natural beauty

Penny Press

New printing technology dramatically sped up the printing process = increased
newspaper circulation. Cheap, interesting literature = increased literacy = larger market

Hogarth’s Act

Engraver's Copyright Act (1735) The first copyright law to deal with visual
works as well as the first to recognize the authorial rights of an individual artist

Special Correspondents

Civil War artists who mailed their work to publications via special
delivery. Worked for the two major newspapers: Harper’s and Leslie’s

Penny Dreadful

late 1800s; cheap popular serial horror stories. Precursor to pulp fiction,
along with story papers

1890: Photomechanical Reproduction

Allowed illustration to be directly reproduced in print.
Killed Engraving. ***Opened the way for individual illustration styles