Basic Structure and Roles in a Mock Trial

Mock Trial

A simulation of a real court case with attorneys, witnesses, a judge, and jury.

Prosecution/Plaintiff

One side in a mock trial that presents the case against the defendant.

Defense

The side in a mock trial that defends against the prosecution's claims.

Opening Statement

Initial presentation by each side outlining their case.

Direct Examination

Open-ended questions asked by the attorney who calls the witness.

Cross-Examination

Leading questions designed to challenge the credibility or facts presented by the witness.

Leading Question

A question that suggests its own answer.

Hearsay

Secondhand statements not admissible unless they meet an exception.

Relevance

Information that must relate directly to the case.

Argumentative

When the attorney argues with the witness instead of asking a question.

Testimonial Evidence

What witnesses say during the trial.

Physical Evidence

Items entered as exhibits, such as documents and photos.

Lincoln-Douglas Debate

A one-on-one debate focused on moral and philosophical issues.

Public Forum Debate

A two-person team debate that is accessible and focuses on current events.

Parliamentary Debate

A fast-paced debate with spontaneous topics and formal procedures.

Affirmative Team

The team that supports the resolution and presents the case first.

Negative Team

The team that refutes the resolution and challenges definitions and case.

Rebuttal Speeches

Speeches that allow only analysis and refutation, with no new arguments.

Crossfire or POI

Opportunities for one side to question the other side.

Flowing

The process of organized note-taking during a debate to track arguments and responses.

Point of Order

Used to address procedural errors or rule violations.

New Arguments in Final Rebuttal

Against debate norms and should be flagged to the judge.

Public Speaking

The ability to deliver messages clearly and persuasively.

Critical Thinking

The ability to build and respond to logical arguments.

Teamwork

Collaborating and supporting others during preparation and performance.

Mentorship

Helping new members practice, understand rules, and improve.

Preparation

Ensuring materials are organized and teammates are rehearsed.

Professionalism

Representing the team with confidence and maturity.

Morale-Building

Creating a positive and encouraging environment during practices and competitions.