Erik Erikson- theorist

who is Erikson

developed the psychosocial stages of development , focusing on how social relationships affect development throughout life

what happens if a stage is not successfully resolved

may lead to difficulties in emotional or social development later in life

Stage 1

• trust vs mistrust (0-1 years)

• infants develop trust when caregivers meet their needs constantly

• childcare example: comforting a baby when they cry- builds trust

stage 2

• Autonomy vs shame and doubt (1-3 years)

• children develop independence when encouraged to do thing for themself

• childcare example: letting toddlers choose toys or dress themself

stage 3

• initiative vs guilt ( 3-6 years)

• children take initiative by planning activities and trying new things

• childcare example: supporting role play and creative activities

stage 4

• industry vs inferiority (6-12 years)

• children develop a sense of achievement when praised for their efforts + skills

• childcare example: encouraging teamwork and praising progress in tasks

stage 5

• identity vs role confusion (12-18 years)

• young people explore their identity, including values and interests

• childcare example: supporting self-expression + positive self-esteem

why is Erikson’s theory important in childcare

helps practitioners support emotional, social and confidence development at different ages.

one strength of Erikson’s theory

recognises the importance of relationships and emotional wellbeing

one limitation of Erikson’s theory

development may not follow fixed stages, and children develop at different rates.

stage 6,7,8

6. intimacy vs isolation

7. generativity vs stagnation

8. integrity vs despair