RIZAL REVIEWER
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49 Terms
The desire to regain lost freedom; Spanish abuses/oppression; Loss of Filipino lands
What were the causes of Filipino revolts?
Absence of nationalism; Lack of national leaders
What were two reasons why revolts against Spain failed?
Love of country; People united for common aims; Fighting for independence
What is Nationalism?
First used by the Spanish political party 'Liberales' in 1812
What is the origin of 19th century Liberalism?
It deposed Isabella II and established a Provisional Republic
What did the revolt in Spain (1868-1870) achieve?
General Carlos Maria de la Torre
Who brought liberalism to the Philippines?
1821
When did Spain lose Mexico?
Mexico was Spain's largest trade provider and its loss weakened the Spanish Empire
What was the impact of Mexico's independence on Spain?
1834
When was the Philippines opened to world trade?
Liberal books and newspapers shipped from Europe and America
What contributed to the spread of liberal ideas in the Philippines?
Ferdinand De Lesseps
Who built the Suez Canal?
It made the Philippines closer to world trade, communications, and travel
Why was the Suez Canal important for the Philippines?
A priest that belongs to a religious order and lives by its rules
What is a regular priest?
A priest who does not belong to any religious order
What is a secular priest?
In 1872, Filipino soldiers and workers mutinied under Sergeant La Madrid, killing their Spanish officers
What was the Cavite Mutiny?
La Madrid and 41 others were executed in Bagumbayan (Luneta)
What happened to the leaders of the Cavite Mutiny?
Treason against Spain
What were Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora accused of?
February 17, 1872
When were GOMBURZA executed?
It sped up the development of Philippine nationalism
What was the impact of GOMBURZA's execution on Philippine Nationalism?
Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the law; Assimilation of the Philippines as a province of Spain; Restoration of Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes; Filipinization of parishes; Human rights for Filipinos
What were the reforms demanded by the Propaganda Movement?
Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar, Mariano Ponce, Antonio Luna, Jose Maria Panganiban, Graciano Lopez Jaena
Who were the leading propagandists?
The organ of the Propaganda Movement established in 1889
What was La Solidaridad?
1892, he proposed La Liga Filipina
When did Jose Rizal return to the Philippines and what organization did he propose?
Unite the country; Fight violence and injustice; Support education and implement reforms
What were the aims of La Liga Filipina?
1896
Until what year did they keep Jose Rizal in Dapitan?
Andres Bonifacio
Who led the founding of Katipunan after the failure of the Propaganda Movement?
Concept of nation; Aspires for national freedom; Contributes to freedom and order; Represents the people
What defines a hero according to the National Heroes Committee?
Literary genius; Scientist & Inventor; Doctor; Effective teacher; Nationalist; Observant Traveler; Martyr; Propagandist & Reformist; Good Lover; Linguist
What are 10 facts about Jose Rizal?
That he became a hero because of the Americans
What is a common misconception about Rizal being a national hero?
That he did not support the Philippine independence movement
What is another misconception about Rizal?
Bonifacio led the armed struggle for Philippine independence
Why do some believe Andres Bonifacio should be the national hero instead of Rizal?
Rizal's work with the pen inspired spiritual redemption and unity before Bonifacio's revolution
Why is Rizal considered the national hero over Bonifacio?
He became the Supremo of the Propaganda Movement
What was one of Rizal's key leadership roles in the Philippines?
No, he supported it but opposed the immediate start due to lack of arms
Was Rizal against the revolution for Philippine independence?
His life inspired the fight for freedom, and his teachings remain valid today
Why is Rizal worthy of being the national hero?
1812
The word "liberalism" was first used when it was adopted by the Spanish political party, the Liberales.
1868-1870
The revolt in Spain, which deposed Isabella II and established a Provisional Republic.
1821
Mexico declared independence from Spain.
1834
The Philippines was opened to world trade by Spain
1871
Gov.-Gen. Rafael de Izquierdo y Gutierrez replaced Gov. de la Torre.
January 20, 1872
The Cavite Mutiny occurred under the leadership of Sergeant La Madrid.
February 17, 1872
The execution of GOMBURZA in Bagumbayan.
February 15, 1889 - October 13, 1889
La Solidaridad was established.
December 1889
Marcelo H. del Pilar became the editor of La Solidaridad.
December 30, 1896
Jose Rizal was executed in Bagumbayan (Luneta)
July 3, 1892
La Liga Filipina was established and elected its officers.
July 6, 1892
Jose Rizal was arrested and deported to Dapitan.
September 15, 1898
President Emilio Aguinaldo paid tribute to Rizal at the Congress in Malolos, Bulacan.
December 20, 1898
President Aguinaldo issued a proclamation making December 30, 1896, a national day of remembrance.