AP Parts of Stuff :/

iA we all get 4s and 5s

Outer Ear

Contains the auricle (visible part of your ear) and ear canal (tube leading inwards)

Collects and funnels sound

Eardrum

Extremely thin membrane of skin that separates the outer and middle ear

Reverberates and triggers activity in the middle ear in response to sound waves

Middle Ear

"Mechanical" section of the ear that contains the opening to the eustachian tube

Converts vibrations of the eardrum into sound

Inner Ear

Fluid-filled space containing the cochlea and semicircular canals

Functions for both hearing and balance

Central Auditory Pathways (CAP)

Neural pathways vital to the brain's ability to process sound

Transmits information to different parts of the brain

Sclera

white part of the eye, protects the eyeball

Pupil

black dot at the center of the eye, is an opening through which light can enter the eye

Iris

coloured part of the eye, surrounds the pupil. It controls how much light enters the eye by changing the size of the pupil

Cornea

clear window at the front of the eye, covers the iris and the pupil

Lens

located behind the pupil, acts like a camera lens by focusing light onto the retina at the back of the eye

Retina

a light-sensitive inner lining at the back of the eye. Ten different layers of cells work together in the ______ to detect light and turn it into electrical impulses.

Cones

Help us see color

Rods

The majority of the rods are located in the peripheral, or outer area, of the retina. Rod cells allow us to see in poor lighting and give us our night vision.

Synapse

Each dendrite's end is a contact point that allows one neuron to connect with another. These contact points are called…

Neuron

sends electrical impulses and chemical signals to and from the brain.

Axon

a long, narrow connecting line that snakes away from the cell body to send electrical impulses to other neurons

Dendrites

look like tree branches, collect information to bring back to the neuron

Myelin sheath

an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves (wrapped around axon)

Glial Cells

referred to as "nerve glue" because they provide connectivity between neurons to allow for the movement of information

Central Nervous System

brain and spinal chord, body's decision maker

Peripheral Nervous System

gathers info from body and sends CNS decisions

Sensory Neurons

carry information in from the body to the CNS

Motor Neurons

sends information out from CNS to body tissue

Internerouns

processes information between motor and sensory

Autonomic Nervous System

controls glands and muscles of the internal organs

Somatic Nervous System

controls the body's skeletal muscles

sympathetic nervous system

arouses the body, part of the autonomic

parasympathetic nervous system

calms the body, part of the autonomic

what happens during sympathetic?

eyes dilate, mouth salivates, heartbeat accelerates, more breathing, ejaculation, sweaty palms

what happens during parasympathetic

eyes contract, dry mouth, slow heartbeat, breath slowly

endocrine system

a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

hormones

chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through bloodstream.

hypothalamus

brain region controlling the pituitary gland, several maintenance activities

pituitary gland

secretes many different hormones, some of which affect other glands, regulates growth

thyroid gland

affects metabolism

parathyroids

helps to regulate the level of calcium in the blood

adrenal glands

help arouse body in times of stress, trigger fight or flight response

pancreas

regulates the level of sugar in blood

testis

secretes male sex hormone

ovaries

secretes female sex hormone

pineal gland

Produces melatonin