ARH 252 Exam 1

studied byStudied by 7 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

Paleolithic

1 / 73

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Art History

74 Terms

1

Paleolithic

Old Stone Age lasting from 50000 BC to 9000 BC; when primitive stone tools were used; nomadic lifestyle

New cards
2

Neolithic

New Stone Age lasting from 8000 BC to 2300 BC depending on the area; when ground or polished stone tools were used; agricultural revolution when civilizations began to develop

New cards
3

Mural Painting (Cave Paintings)

oldest is the Wild Pig dating back to 45000 BC

New cards
4

Sculpture in the Round

3-D sculptures that were not part of a cave or rock formation

New cards
5

Megaliths (Megalithic)

large stones used to create a structure or monument (stonehenge)

New cards
6

Agricultural Revolution

plants and animals were domesticated and nomadic groups began to stay in one place

New cards
7

Corbel Vault

a vault formed by piling stone blocks in horizontal courses, cantilevered inward until the two walls meet in an arch

New cards
8

Post-and-Lintel Construction

a system of construction in which two vertical posts support a horizontal lintel

New cards
9

Henge

Stonehenge in Salisbury Plain, England, ca. 2550-1600 BC

New cards
10

Twisted Perspective

when a profile of an animal or human is shown while another portion of the same object is shown frontally

New cards
11

Composite Creature

a figure with an animal head on a human body

New cards
12

Mesopotamia/Fertile Crescent

an area that gave rise to some of the worlds first civilization; the fertile soil found near rivers allowed for farming and trade routes

New cards
13

Sumer

3500-2332 BC; an handful of independent city-states

New cards
14

Ziggurat

pyramidal stepped temple

New cards
15

Cuneiform

Sumer’s language that started as pictographs; considered the oldest written language

New cards
16

Lamassu

an Assyrian deity in the from of a winged, human-headed bull or lion; 720-705 BC

New cards
17

High Relief/ Low Relief

carved deep into the material/carved shallow into the material

New cards
18

Relief Sculpture

projects from a 2-D background (connected to what it was carved out of)

New cards
19

Hierarchy of Scale

whoever is the largest is the most important

New cards
20

Register

a horizontal level in a work that consists of several levels arranged above each other

New cards
21

Votive Statues

used in rituals to appease the gods

New cards
22

Ishtar Gate

one of the gateways into Babylon, Iraq, ca. 575 BC

New cards
23

Stele of Hammurabi

the laws of King Hammurabi of Babylon

New cards
24

Persepolis

Gate of All Nations or Gate of Xerxes at Persepolis, separated people based on their social status

New cards
25

Hollow-Cast Bronze Method (Lost Wax)

an ancient method used to make sculptures that were transportable and not too heavy

New cards
26

Predynastic and Early Dynastic Period

3500-2575 BC

New cards
27

Old Kingdom; New Kingdom

2575-2134 BC;1550-1070 BC

New cards
28

Amarna Period; First Millennium BCE

1000-30 BC

New cards
29

Column

column fluting

New cards
30

The sun god Ra (Ben-Ben)

a falcon headed god that ancient Egyptians worshipped; Ben-Ben is a pyramid associated with Ra who was also often depicted as a pyramid

New cards
31

Great Pyramids of Giza

great pyramids were built as burial sites for Egypt’s Pharaohs

New cards
32

Funerary Statue

held Ka (soul/spirit)

New cards
33

Canon of Proportions

a set of ideal, mathematical relationships in art

New cards
34

Hatshepsut

first female pharaoh

New cards
35

Akhenaton and Nefertiti

Akhenaton abandoned the worship of the Egyptian gods in Favor of Aton; Nefertiti was his chief wife and she took over after his death before his son was old enough to lead

New cards
36

Tutankhamen

the only pharaoh’s tomb we have found fully intact

New cards
37

Ptolemaic dynasty

Ptolemy (one of Alexander the Great’s generals) takes over Egypt after his death and him and his descendants rule until 30 BC when the Romans take over

New cards
38

Mastaba

ancient Egyptian tomb with sloping sides and a flat roof

New cards
39

Imhotep

first recorded artist, and creator of the Great Pyramids

New cards
40

Engaged Columns

a column that is built into a wall, serving as decoration

New cards
41

Mortuary Temple and Complex

where a pharaoh would be buried and monuments to their success would be placed

New cards
42

Sphinx

with the pyramid of Khafre, possibly associated with the Egyptian god Ra; there was a cult of the sphinx, but it was a secret society leaving little information behind

New cards
43

Rock-Cut Tomb

a tomb cut into an existing, naturally occurring rock formation

New cards
44

Ka

the life force or spirit of a person

New cards
45

Pylon Temple

a monumental tower/gate of an Egyptian temple

New cards
46

Hypostyle Hall

interior space where the roof rests on pillars or columns

New cards
47

Clerestory

a top row of windows or openings that let in light and air right where the roof is

New cards
48

Obelisk

tall rectangles topped with a pyramid, typically in pairs in front of temples; many are now in Rome

New cards
49

Book of the Dead

an ancient Egyptian book made to help the dead on their journey to the afterlife

New cards
50

Weighing of the Heart Ceremony

if the heart of the deceased weighed more than a feather then they would go with Amit (hell) if it weighed less then they got to go to the goof place

New cards
51

Akkad

2332-2150 BC; first Mesopotamian rulers to call themselves Kings

New cards
52

Babylonia; Neo-Sumerian

2150-1600 BC

New cards
53

Assyria; Neo-Babylonian

900-539 BC; Assyria conquered the majority of Mesopotamia and was heavily military based

New cards
54

Persia

559-330 BC

New cards
55
<p></p>

Human with feline head, from Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany, ca. 40,000–28,000 BCE. Mammoth ivory,  (Paleolithic)

New cards
56
term image

Nude woman (Venus of Willendorf), from Willendorf, Austria, ca. 28,000–25,000 BCE. Limestone, (Paleolithic)

New cards
57
term image

The Hall of the Bulls in the cave at Lascaux, France, c. 16,000-14,000 BCE.  (Paleolithic)

New cards
58
term image

Human figure, from Ain Ghazal, Jordan, ca. 6750–6250 BCE. Plaster, painted and inlaid with bitumen,  (Neolithic)

New cards
59
term image

Deer hunt, detail of a wall painting from Level III, Çatal Höyük, Turkey, ca. 5750 BCE. (Neolithic)

New cards
60
term image

Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain, England, ca. 2550–1600 BCE.  (Neolithic)

New cards
61
term image

Statuettes of two worshipers, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna, Iraq, ca. 2700 BCE. Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone, (Sumerian)

New cards
62
term image

Peace side of the Standard of Ur, Royal Cemetery, Ur, Iraq, ca. 2600 BCE. Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone set into bitumen, 7’ 7/8” x 1’ 6 1/2”.  (Sumerian)

New cards
63
term image

Victory stele of Naram-Sin, from Susa, Iran, 2254–2218 BCE. Pink sandstone, 6’ 7” high. Louvre, Paris. (Akkadian)

New cards
64
term image

Stele with law code of Hammurabi, from Susa, Iran, ca. 1780 BCE. Basalt, 7’ 4” high. Louvre, Paris. (Babylon)

New cards
65
term image

Ashurbanipal hunting lions, relief from the north palace of Ashurbanipal, Nineveh, Iraq, ca. 645–635 bce. Gypsum, 5' 4" high. British Museum, London.  (Assyrian)

New cards
66
term image

Ishtar Gate, Babylon, Iraq, ca. 575 BCE. (Neo-Babylonian)

New cards
67
term image

Persians and Medes, Processional frieze on the terrace of the apadana, Persepolis, Iran, ca. 521–465 BCE. Limestone, (Persian)

New cards
68
term image

Palette of King Narmer***,*** from Hierakonpolis, Egypt, ca. 3000–2920 BCE. Slate, (Predynastic)

New cards
69
term image

Imhotep, Stepped Pyramid of Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt, Third Dynasty, ca. 2630–2611 BCE. (Early Dynasties)

New cards
70
term image

Khafre enthroned, from Gizeh, Egypt, Fourth Dynasty, ca. 2520–2494 BCE. Diorite, 5’ 6” high. Egyptian Museum, Cairo. (Old Kingdom)

New cards
71
term image

Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahri, Egypt, 18th Dynasty, ca. 1473–1458 BCE. (New Kingdom)

New cards
72
term image

Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters, Amarna, Egypt, 18th Dynasty, ca. 1353–1335 BCE. Limestone, 1’ 1/4” high. (Amarna Period)

New cards
73
term image

Last judgment of Hu-Nefer, Thebes, Egypt, 19th Dynasty, ca. 1290–1280 BCE. Painted papyrus scroll, (New Kingdom)

New cards
74
term image

Temple of Horus, Edfu, Egypt, ca. 237 – 47 BCE. 1st Millennium BCE

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 114 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 15 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 20 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 72 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 64 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 37 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 94 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 9241 people
... ago
4.8(73)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (33)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (149)
studied byStudied by 14 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (30)
studied byStudied by 4 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (37)
studied byStudied by 17 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (30)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
4.5(2)
flashcards Flashcard (21)
studied byStudied by 8 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (111)
studied byStudied by 29 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (162)
studied byStudied by 17 people
... ago
5.0(1)
robot